Role of Bc/Bf in Financial Inclusion - 16135 Words

ROLE OF BUSINESS CORRESPONDENT / BUSINESS FASCILITATOR IN FINANCIAL INCLUSION. A PROJECT REPORT Submitted by VARUN VERMA (2K92A49) PGDM GENERAL In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree Of MASTERS IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [pic] ASIA PACIFIC INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, NEW DELHI (2009-2011) ACKNOLEDGEMENT I wish to express my gratitude to NABARD, Haryana, for giving me an opportunity to be a part of it and enhance my knowledge by granting permission to do my summer project under NABARD Summer internship program. I would like to express my gratitude towards Dr. D.K Banerjee, Director, Asia Pacific Institute of Management. I’m grateful to my Mentor Mr. R.K. Singhal (Asia Pacific Institute of Management) for†¦show more content†¦| | | |INTRODUCTION 8-21 | |- FINANCIAL EXCLUSION | |- FINANCIAL INCLUSION | |- THE INDIAN SCENARIO | | | |2. COMPANY PROFILE 22 – 26 |Show MoreRelatedRole Of Commercial Banks On A Part Of Financial Inclusion Programme1598 Words   |  7 PagesFollowing are the role of commercial banks to be performed as part of financial inclusion programme: a) Financial literacy b) Credit counselling c) BC/BF model d) KYC norms e) KCC/GCC f) No-frill accounts financial literacy g) Branch expansion, h) Mobile banking, and i) Other measures. a) Financial literacy: Providing financial literacy is the essential function of financial inclusion, as the main cause for exclusion is the lack knowledge about formal financial system. Financial literacy states toRead Moreâ€Å"Role of Government in Financial Inclusion†4322 Words   |  18 PagesA RESEARCH PAPER ON â€Å"ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN FINANCIAL INCLUSION† Submitted By: Hemali Shah (MPM: 2nd Semester) ABSTRACT: Financial inclusion means a group of people should take part in growth activities and help to increase economic growth of the country. We cannot say that financial growth has been achieved by opening a bank account, granting huge loan to a single person and closing the account. First, many people have to open an account in a bank, save money regularly so that loans to needy peopleRead MoreFinancial Inclusion4920 Words   |  20 PagesPAPER ON ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN FINANCIAL INCLUSION Role of Government in financial inclusion Abstract:- This research paper contains the full information about the financial inclusion of the world’s economic. In this research paper we describe the financial inclusion basic meaning, definitions, scope significance. Now we move towards the second phase which include role of government role of banks in financial inclusion. we alsoRead MorePnb Project Report5624 Words   |  23 Pages |5 | | |3. |Vision and Mission |6 | | |4. |Financial Performance Comparison |7 | |3. |INFORMATION SYSTEM IN PNB |

What Is Worth Fighting for Free Essays

Jordan Jackson Mrs. Bugg English351 2/15/13 Family Is Worth Fighting For How is family important to you? Family is important because they are our family, they support us in everything we do, they are always there to protect us, they are there to stand up for us, they are always there for us , they will always be our family members and they will always love us. So shouldn’t we fight for them? Some people have a hard time even starting families on their own, some families are going through financial obstacles, but they will always be a family and they will always stick together. We will write a custom essay sample on What Is Worth Fighting for? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Family is worth fighting for. Families in the military have a hard time adopting children because of the constant moving around all the time whether it is in the states or in a different country. Adoption hasn’t been easy for those families in the military. â€Å"The issue of relocation is one of the major problems our families have faced when they are considering adoption, â€Å"confirms Al Smith. Families in the military probably have a family but if they want to adopt a child it is going be hard for them. Many people in the military don’t have time to actually produce kids on they’re own so they want to adopt but it’s hard. Al Smith started a foundation where people in the military can adopt kids without having any issues with traveling. Families who have financial difficulties have trouble providing for their family. Sometimes they have a hard time even putting food on the table. Families with a large amount of children have a hard time supporting their family especially if the parents don’t have a good paying job. In some families the parents don’t even have a job. One of the biggest causes of financial issues is job loss. Sometimes one of the children or one of the parents get very ill and paying for all the medical bills can put financial stress on a family. Sometimes parents have to have more than one job to provide for they’re family. Even when the kids get old enough to have a job they have to get a job to help provide money for their parents to pay the bills and to help put food on the table. Families even have to go through poverty. Today the poverty rate in the U. S. is the highest it’s been in 17 years, affecting some 46 million people. The economy is the main reason why the poverty rate is so high. ( Struggling Families Lift Themselves Out Of Poverty. NPR. org ) Families in poverty have nothing but the other people in their families to depend on. Immigrants that come to America to start a new life most likely start out with financial issues and they are in poverty. Maurice Lim Miller started a foundation to help get families out of poverty. This foundation helps the parents of this family to get back on their feet. They help the families get jobs, they feed the families, they house the families, they give the families clothes to wear. This foundation has helped many families get out of poverty. Some families go through domestic violence and the children have to deal with that for as long as the other parent is willing to deal with the abuse. It affects everybody in the family whether or not they are getting abused or not. It affects the children by having to see and deal with one of their parents or siblings going through that abuse, and sometimes the family has to move away from the place they grew up in to a new place. It affects the mom or dad by not knowing how to deal with the situation and even if they did know how they would have to move out of their house and leave the person that is the parent of their children. Women that are involved in domestic violence have to go to domestic violence shelters with they’re children. Domestic violence doesn’t have to be actually hitting the other person, it could be taking away the other person’s money. Keeping the money away from the other person can stop that person from paying bills and providing for they’re family. Family member’s that are going through abuse should be able to go to they’re other family members for advice on how to get out of that situation or for a place to stay to get away from that person abusing them. In conclusion families have to deal with many types of things like poverty, domestic violence, having trouble adopting. At the end of the day they are still a family and they have to push through whatever they are dealing through and be there for each other when they need it the most. Families have to make it day by day and deal with issues that come up, love each other even when they make wrong choices, be there for the other family member when times get hard and be there for them through the good times. Enjoy the time we have with our family now because life is short. Family is important, how are we willing to fight for them? Works Cited Page Fessler,Pam. â€Å"Struggling Families out of Poverty. † (2012) NPR. org. Web. 7 December 2012. â€Å"Obstacles Facing Military Families. † (2012) military. adoption. com. Web. 7 December 2012. How to cite What Is Worth Fighting for?, Papers

Requiem for an Aristocrat Essay Example For Students

Requiem for an Aristocrat Essay Requiem for an AristocratIts lonely at the top, a cliche that Faulkner reaffirms in his classical short story, A Rose for Emily. In this southern tale, a social class structure separated the high and mighty Griersons from the rest of the town. After the Civil War, the southern upper class society was dwindling with the northern industrialists rising in national influence. Emily Grierson was the product of an overprotective single father raising a high society child. During this era the southern high society type was considered a dying breed. Emilys father instilled values and morals that only an arrogant aristocrat could set in a child. Emilys inability to involve herself in social settings, her blatant disregard of the law, and her radical approach to intimate relationships all stem from her fathers upbringing. The town was filled with people Emily had no desire to interact with. She kept herself locked inside her house and sent Tobe, her servant, to take care of mostly all obligations that required social interactions. She spent the greater part of her life inside this fortress of solitude she considered home. During Emilys years as a young lady, she was led to believe none of the young men deserved her. The young men did not measure up to her fathers expectations so he dismissed them. Even at thirty years of age, Emily remained single because her father would limit her social interaction. So it was common for the townspeople to refrain from associating with such distinguished people. The entire town attended Emily Griersons funeral without knowing her beyond her name. This type o f upbringing left Emily isolated. Emily held an above-the-law attitude that was common amongst aristocrats in the southern states at that time. Once Emilys father died, the mayor felt obligated to allow Emily to refrain from paying taxes. When Emily visited her druggist for arsenic, he allowed her to purchase the poison without having to give reason for its use even though the law states that you must. Emily even disregarded the unwritten laws of high society. It was unheard of that a person of her stature would date a Yankee laborer. She went against even the most fundamental of social laws and gave a laborer, by the name of Homer Barron, an opportunity to court her. This shocked the entire town and reaffirmed her imperviousness (429). Emily was unable to produce a healthy relationship with a person because her father kept her single to her thirties, making her feel as though no man deserved her hand. Emily only had her father as a social partner to communicate with, so when he died she was alone. She decided to find a mate to replace the void left after his death. Homer Barron turned up at this time and represented the Yankee north through and through. He would disregard southern etiquette and would shout obscenities at the laborers who worked directly under him. This rebellious behavior led the young boys to follow him around. When he was not working, he drank and had fun with the young men. Homer Barron was constantly surrounded by a laughing crowd when he was in public. This gave him a popular status, which got Emily intrigued enough to develop a relationship with him. Once Emily found out Homer wanted to remain a bachelor and he no intentions of settling down with her, she expressed her dissatisfaction by pois oning him. Her desire to have him as a mate was greater than his life. She continued their relationship after she killed Homer by keeping his corpse and lying alongside it. Emilys superiority led her to act irrationally and cross the boundaries of sanity. From what she learned from her father from his upbringing, she was able to conclude that her actions were justified. She attributed her isolation to the townspeoples inferiority. She perceived the law as beneath her and for the average townspeople instead. Even murder was not a problem for her because she saw Homer Barron as property, the same way southerners saw Negroes at that time. False values and morals Emily received from the single influence in her life led her to commit otherwise inhumane acts and not tell the difference between right and wrong. All she was ever taught by her father was how to be lonely at the top.

Right to Work Laws free essay sample

Should our state adopt a right-to-work law? This is a hot topic that continues to be contested all over the United States. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the right-to-work law is good for the state of Michigan. If ever passed in Michigan, the right-to-work law would guarantee that no person could be compelled, as a condition of employment, to join or to pay dues to a labor union. Supporters of right-to-work laws point to research that say that right-to-work laws have a positive effect on states that adopt them while opponents of right-to-work laws do just the opposite. On February 1, 2012, the state of Indiana became America’s 23rd right-to-work state. Supporters of the right-to-work laws say that â€Å"Michigan may need to adopt such a law to better compete for jobs and talent† (Lafaive, 2012). Further supporting this issue Thomas Holmes authored a study that â€Å"examined manufacturing employment in border counties of neighboring states where one state had right-to-work protections and the other did not. We will write a custom essay sample on Right to Work Laws or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He found manufacturing employment as a percentage of county population increased by one-third in the counties within the right-to-work states compared to those in the non-right-to-work states. In a 2010 study by economist Richard Vedder, an adjunct scholar with the Mackinac Center, found that â€Å"40 percent of Americans lived in right-to-work states in 2007, up from 28. 5 percent in 1970. Moreover, Census data indicates that from April 2000 to July 2008, more than 4. 7 million people moved from non-right-to-work states to a right-to-work state† (Lafaive, 2012). These are only a few examples of external factors and findings that influence and impact the work forces and labor unions. While I have explained the ideas behind the supporters of these laws, there are also opponents. In a more recent 2012 study from Michael Hicks, an adjunct scholar with the Mackinac Center, â€Å"found that from 1929 through 2005, the presence of a right-to-work law did not play a role in state industrial composition or income from manufacturing† (Lafaive, 2012). Opponents of right-to-work laws contend the laws set in place lead to lower wages, hurt unions, lower standard of living, and sometimes contest that they are morally wrong for allowing people to receive union representation without actually paying for it. Douglas McCabe, a professor of management at Georgetown’s McDonough School of Business states, â€Å"If more states pass right-to-work, unions will lose members. He goes on to saying that it would discourage people from signing authorization cards to be able to hold a vote on unionizing† (Olson, 2012). CONCLUSION: â€Å"Each side of the right-to-work argument cites studies to back their views, but a uniform economic society is hard to find because individual states have their own, unique economic circumstances, such as availability of skilled workers and access to markets and infrastructure† (Olson, 2012).

Cont. Article Review Example

Cont. Article Review Example Cont. Article Review – Coursework Example Article Review Article Review The statistical discussion in the hypertension article uses inferential statistics to sample its data obtained through random variation as observed. In its analysis and selection of statistical tests, the article often uses aspects of comparison to determine the validity of both independent and dependent variables especially when trying to influencing the outcome. On the other hand, in regards to distribution tests, there is analysis of variances as seen in the understanding of hypertension as disease that results to cardiovascular failure. However, the use of the 1,239 respondents is an indicator of the prevalence of the illness because of the statistical rationale of using observational study. Selection for the tests is equally based on the rationale of relating the sample data sets that are fundamental in the methods of determining the effect of hypertension within the cross-sectional community. Alternatively, the decision to interview 7,164 families amongst the population totalling 45,587 reveal the connection between dependent and independent variables in influencing results (Creswell & Clark, 2011). These results, for instance, demonstrate that 35 percent or 434 males are directly affected by the disease because of socioeconomic status experienced in the rural areas. On the other hand, according to Creswell’s table, association between groups and group comparison is a reflection of the study subjects because it identifies the risk levels of the high blood pressure among the population. Comparing of significant correlates of the disease in terms of the variables of age group, gender, and literacy level also portray the difficulty of using cluster sampling to determine the correct results. ReferenceCreswell, J. & Clark, V. (2011). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research. New York, NY: SAGE.

Banana Chips

This provides an ample opportunity to a new entrant as the market is not dominated by some brands and with good quality and competitive pricing, it is possible to capture adequate market share. Production Banana Chips or Crisps are deep fried snack a small or casual meal. Cooking type bananas produce good Chips/Crisps. It is easy to make and the product is very tasty. The small-scale production requires but a few equipment, viz. A stove (Gas, Diesel fired or even a Firewood Stove), Kitchen knives, Peelers, Cutting boards, Plastic buckets, Cooking pots, Containers, Frying pan or Wok, Long Spoons or ladles, Cheese cloth, Colander, Trays and Baskets, Plastic Pouches, Candles amp; old Hacksaw blade or a small Electric Impulse Heat Sealer and Weighing scale. Production steps of Banana ChipsGood large size green cooking bananas slices are cut cross wise to give circular shape. Bigger size fruits are preferred to produce large size slices and an attractive product. Different varieties give products of different colour, flavour and taste. Crosswise slicing gives uniform, circular, attractive, product and is universally adopted for commercial production. This way as the slicing is faster the production increases. The steps involved in Banana Chips processing are: Selection: Good quality, green cooking bananas is preferred. Cutting and Peeling: Using a knife, banana bunches are separated from the main stem and individual bananas hands are separated from the bunches. Using a hand peeler, bananas are peeled and immediately sliced cross wise into thin, round slices. As some varieties with latex cause itching or irritation while handling, it is better to rub the hands with salt before peeling and slicing. Immersion in salt water: Immediately after slicing the slices are placed in salt water @ 3 to 5% of salt to the water. Added salt gets in to the slices and improves taste arid acceptability of the product. If slices are not placed in water, they turn Brown and later give an unacceptable dark product. Frying: Keep a large shallow Frying Pan or wok over a suitable stove (with adjustments for flame/heat control). The frying pan should be thick bottomed and with side rings for easy handling. Good edible vegetable cooking oil is used for frying. Bring the oil to fuming hot temperature. The long spoon or ladle used for taking out the fried chips from the wok can be either a big perforated one, of 8 to 12 inches in diameter and with long handle or of a large diameter wire mesh spoon with bamboo handle. The salt soaked slices are then dropped one by one manually into the hot oil in the frying pan. Never put the slices together in clusters into the oil as the slices being starchy stick to each other and are difficult to separate later. The normal practice followed is: Holding slices in left hand and dropping in rapid succession the separated slices one by one into the hot oil, or Slices taken out from the salt solution, separated and arranged either on a cheese cloth or on the dry big spoon itself and then carefully dropped into the hot oil. The frying temperature is maintained around 150 to 160C (just fuming) and frying time around 3 5 minutes depending on the slice thickness. Slices are deep-fried to golden yellow colour (till the bubbles seize) and taken out immediately using big perforated spoon. Over frying turns the chips dark and this will be considered an unattractive product. Draining of oil: Deep fried chips are put into perforated Colander for the excess oil to drain out and later transferred to a wide plastic or aluminum tray lined with craft paper or kitchen towel which absorbs/removes excess oil in chips and product is allowed to cool. Packing: Chips should never be packed while hot since hot air inside the pack condenses into water, which moistens the crisps resulting in soft, soggy chips. After cooling, chips are packed manually in plastic pouches and scaled airtight using either Hacksaw blade over candle flame or an electric impulse plastic sealer. Market PotentialDemand and SupplyThere is a very large market for banana chips and they can be sold at all such places where people assemble like theatres, picnic spots, bus stands or railway stations, traffic junctions etc. Retailing has to be done through small grocery shops as well as big departmental stores and super markets. There exists a strong demand for banana chips as most people enjoy eating snacks. While fresh cooking bananas are widely available, banana chips are not easily available in many parts of the country. Making chips increases the shelf life of the product in times of abundant harvest. Sales Location The owner has several options for selling the product as follows: At the local market; Through shops; and Through hotels amp; clubs. If the owner wishes to sell direct to the end customer, then the location with the highest traffic should be chosen. This will generally mean higher expenses in the form of rent. If the owner wishes to sell through shops, hotels or clubs, then the business can be started from your house. However, the owner will have to accept a lower mark-up to allow for a margin to be made for the shop owner. Costing the BusinessEquipment cost The following list represents a range of possible equipment needed for establishing a small scale banana chip producing business: Item | Quantity | Estimated Cost (Birr) | Purpose | Equipment | | | | Wok of frying pan | 1 | 500 | Fry chips | Gas Burners | 2 | 3000 | Stove top cooking | Plastic pots with lids | 5 | 200 | Storage | Knives | 3 | 60 | Cutting food | Spoons, wooden ladles | 5 each | 100 | Stirring for uniform frying | Cooling trays | 2 | 100 | Cooling hot fried chips prior to packing | Bag sealer | | 1600 | Packing fried chips | Total Equipment | | 5560 | | The prices used are estimated average cost based on Adama prices at the time this document was prepared. The above capital requirements are based on the principle of starting a small scale banana chip producing operation with minimum outlay of capital. This business can be of larger scale through the introduction of a deep fryer, and slicing machine. Staff CostA basic banana chip operation could be started by an owner helped by a family member. Position | Main responsibility | Monthly salary (Birr) | Owner | Manage business: decide prices, prepare chips, procure suppliers, supervise all staffs | 1500 | Helper | Assist in all areas | 700 | Total Staff Cost | | 2200 | Raw Material costYour major raw material is cooking bananas. Availability and price you pay for bananas will be determined to some extent by the weather conditions. In times of drought, availability will be less and price will be high. We will buy regularly from a few farmers. Once the suppliers know that we will be buying regularly, they will adjust their production to meet our demand and they should be willing to offer us a special price. Based on the costing and pricing part of this document, our raw material cost will be 1. 80 birr per 100 gram package. Raw materials include the raw banana, oil, salt, packaging and label. Raw material cost for one month consumption: Item | Quantity | Estimated Cost (Birr) | Raw Banana | 50kg | 600 | Edible Oil | 30ltr | 850 | Salt | 5kg | 15 | Packaging polythene/plastic | 1package | 200 | Total Raw Material Cost | | 1665 | License or Registration CostThe size and nature of this business does not require company registration and will be set-up as small and micro enterprise. For the purpose of this guide, the annual licence fee is estimated at 200 Birr. Operating CostA banana chip producing business has certain operational costs. Some of these costs are: Paid once when we establish services such as water, electricity ; Some are paid on a monthly basis. When we start our business we will usually need some working capital (money) to establish services, pay certain yearly expenses and to meet some of our monthly operational costs until the business can generate enough income to meet these costs. In the case of a banana chip producing business this should only be for the first month. The size and nature of this business probably will not warrant renting a new place. Electricity is not needed, but water is essential to the operation. Hence the operating costs listed below are on the basis of incremental costs incurred to run the business. For the purposes of this guide, it has been assumed that the product will be sold through a market stall. Below is a table showing the start-up and monthly operating cost associated with a banana chip producing business. Operational Cost | Initial Working Capital (Birr) | Monthly (Birr) | Rent (market stall) | 1000 | 500 | Water charges | 10 | 10 | Electricity | 50 | 50 | Gas | 200 | 200 | Cleaning supplies | 50 | 25 | miscellaneous | 100 | 50 | Total Operating Cost | 1410 | 335 | Startup Costs Item | Total (Birr) | Equipment | 5560 | Staff | 2200 | License and Registration | 200 | Raw Materials (First month) | 1665 | Operating expenses | 1410 | Total Start-up cost | 11,035 | The cost to start a banana chip producing business is around Birr 10,000. Costing and PricingIngredients: Bunch of cooking banana Water Salt Cooking oil Plastic bag Label Costing Ingredients | Quantity | Cost (Birr) | Cooking Banana | 100gms | 1. 35 | Salt amp; Cooking oil | | 0. 15 | Plastic Bag | | 0. 15 | Label | | 0. 15 | Total Cost per 100gm bag | | 1. 80 | Selling PriceObviously our selling price cannot be below Birr 1. 80. To determine our selling price we will try and investigate prices for similar items available. If there is a similar item, then our price will be close to that price. As we will be selling our product through shops, hotels or clubs, so we would have to allow a reasonable margin for the reseller. Probably a reasonable price for the above product will be Birr 2. 50. We will review prices if our product is not selling. ProfitabilityMonthly profit and loss | Breakeven Sales | Sale per day | 175 bags | Sales per month (25 days) | 4335 bags | Cost of raw materials | 1. 80birr/bag*4335 bag=7803 birr | Gross Profit | 2. 50birr/bag*4335bag-7803birr=3035 | Operational expenses/month | | Rent(market stall) | 500 | Wages | 2200 | Electricity | 50 | Gas | 200 | Water | 10 | Cleaning Supplies | 25 | Miscellaneous | 50 | Total | 3035 | Operating profit per month before tax | 0 | If we assume 2. 0 birr per bag unit price then the breakeven sales for this business is 175 bags per day. This means that if you sell less than 175 bags per day, you will make a loss. If you sell more than 175 bags per day at unit price of 2. 50 birr, you will make a profit. Financing the BusinessThe size and nature of this business is such that savings must necessarily be used for financing the business. In addition to our saving we will take a loan from Oromia Micro Finance Enterprise. Source of Finance | Amount (Birr) | Saving | 300 0 | Loan | 9000 | Total | 12,000 |

Content Analysis on Prime Time Television Using Cultivation Theory Research Paper

Content Analysis on Prime Time Television Using Cultivation Theory - Research Paper Example Cultivation Theory was developed by George Gerbner and Larry Gross based on their research in order to identify and understand the effects of television on its viewers. They focused more on the culture of violence that is evidently and explicitly embedded in television programs and on how this message is inculcated in its audience, thus affecting their social behavior and disposition. Gerbner and Gross also correlated that as the exposure to such programs increases or becomes a constant factor on the daily lives of people, they tend to develop and adopt the same notion of thinking that, indeed, the world is full of violence. Cultivation theory remains to be one of the most popular theories in mass communication phenomena and is an essential theory in understanding behavioral (Bryant, 2004). n the Saturday program, FOX aired two episodes of Cops and an episode of Bones. The plot of these TV shows clearly depicts a violation of criminal law and grave offenses against society. The former is an action-packed documentary and reality show that revolves around what transpires in the line of duty of law enforcement agencies from various areas and departments of United States, while the latter is a fictional series about a team of forensic investigators who solve crime mysteries by analyzing, examining human remains, and determining the cost of death of the victims. While these shows can be easily concluded, and rightly so as to having themes of heavy violence, they also portray other messages as well.