Performance Enhancing Drugs For Professional Sports

Alex Rodriguez, Mark McGwire, Sammy Sosa, and Barry Bonds. What do all of these legendary baseball players have in common? They are some of the all-time homerun leaders in the history of Major League Baseball. They also have another thing in common, which is how they all got onto the career home runs list, through the use of performance enhancing drugs. The debate on whether or not performance enhancing substances should be allowed in professional sports has been going on for years, decades even. Many believe that using steroids and other performance enhancers should automatically disqualify an athlete from ever being able to be a member of the Hall of Fame, in sports in general, not just in Major League Baseball. However, there is an argument to be made to make the use of performance enhancing drugs legal in all of professional sports. Performance enhancing drugs should remain illegal in professional sports because they provide an unfair advantage, they are extremely unethical, and they can also be dangerous to athletes. One of the biggest reasons I believe performance enhancing drugs should be illegal in sports is due to the obvious and completely unfair advantage they provide to athletes. One of the fundamental pillars of success in professional sports is the fact that athletes have achieved what they have by strictly working hard, using sheer God-given talent, instead of taking an obscene amount of pills and substances. Furthermore, no matter how you put it, usingShow MoreRelatedPerformance Enhancing Drugs Should Be Banned in Professional Sports2737 Words   |  11 Pagesfifty game suspensions without pay for using performance enhancing drugs. Big names such as Ryan Braun and Alex Rodriguez were on this list. Testosterone, an illegal substance, is what is found in the performance enhancing drugs. Testosterone increases male characteristics such as body hair, aggression, deepening of the voice, and of course massive muscle growth (â€Å"Steroids† par. 1). Some professional athletes claim to use performance enhancing drugs to recover more quickly from injury; others takeRead MoreThe Future For Sport Management833 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction The future for sport management in Australia appears prosperous. Over the years, Australia has managed to develop an international reputation for sporting excellence through its national team performances and the expansion of its sports systems (Daly, 1991; ASC, 1998; Shilbury Kellett, 2011). The country has managed to host some of the greatest sporting events, notably the Olympic games, the Rugby World Cup, the Cricket World Cup, with aspirations to bring the Football (soccer) WorldRead MoreNegative Effects Of Doping In Sport974 Words   |  4 Pagesmaximise their performance are continually tempted to use illicit drugs to gain competitive advantage and to aid recovery from training and injuries. Doping in sport can affect performance, destroy reputations, impact friends, families, teams and community support. Doping is defined as the administration of drugs to an animal or person in order to enhance sporting performance. Doping has been traced all the way back to 393 BC when Anc ient Greeks used substances to improve their performance in the GreekRead MoreSay No to Doping!1042 Words   |  4 PagesDoping in sports has been one of the most discussed issues by the world; either by the free writers or the body of agencies related with sports. The discussion about this kind of issue has started long time ago but it became more controversial and intense when Lance Armstrong, who won the 2002 Tour de France by leaving his nearest rival 7 seconds behind, failed the drug test (Cashmore) . Ellis Cashmore, a professor of culture, media, and sports at Staffordshire University in the United KingdomRead MoreSports Enhancing Drugs Is Great for sports: Personal Opinion Essay1422 Words   |  6 PagesSports are full of entertainment and great players. Imagine if the players were boosted with skills and performed like the monster on the movie Space Jam. This would be amazing if you never watched space jam I highly recommended you do so. The movie was great; it had one o f the worlds best athletes in it Michal Jordan. He is known as one of the greatest basketball players ever to play the game. Space jam can show how an extra boost can improve players’ game play to the next level. Athletes shouldRead MoreAthletes Using Enhancement Drugs2599 Words   |  10 Pagesenhance your cycling performance?† Lance Armstrong, seven time Tour de France winner and cycling superstar responded, â€Å"Yes† (â€Å"Lance Armstrong and Oprah Winfrey†). Lance Armstrong is just one of many professional athletes who doped to get ahead in sports. Armstrong’s guilty verdict exemplifies the efforts to punish athletes using performance-enhancing drugs. The increase in anti-doping efforts is evident. In the middle of the 20th century, a troublesome problem arose in the sports world: doping. Read MoreThe Use Of Performance Enhancing Drugs Popularly Known As Doping1805 Words   |  8 PagesManagement of doping in sport Student’s name Professor Course Date â€Æ' Literature review Introduction The current issue in sport particularly athletics is the use of performance enhancing drugs popularly known as doping. Spectacular doping cases have risen in the sporting arena that has caused unexpected situations and annoyed the public who are the fans. People have limited knowledge regarding doping though it is an ancient time issue. As a result, some people believe that all professional athletes have alwaysRead More Review of UKSports Anti-Doping Policy Essay3361 Words   |  14 Pagesban on the use of performance-enhancing drugs in sport relate to the protection of the health of athletes, and the maintenance of fair competition† (Black, 1996; as cited by Waddington, 2000) The main objective of the U.K. Statement of the Anti-doping Policy stems from this. The aim is to ensure that the various governing bodies of sport in the United Kingdom have consistent and regular sets of policies and regulations in order to â€Å"protect the rights of athletes to compete drug-free† (U.K. StatementRead MoreShould Sports Doping Be Banned?2190 Words   |  9 PagesDoping in Sports As Richard (Dick) Butkus once said, â€Å"There is a myth out there that somehow anabolic steroids can turn a cub into a bear. Steroids won’t make you tough and competitive. What they will do is ruin your health. It’s that simple.† The use of prohibited substances in sports has had a major timeline. Using drugs in sports goes back to ancient times. Prohibited substances are used in almost every single sport. Doping in sports is definitely a form of cheating. The athletes who use drugs areRead MoreUse Of Performance Enhancing Drugs1338 Words   |  6 PagesDraft The Use of Performance-Enhancing Drugs in Sports According to NPR.com, the argument over the use of performance-enhancing drugs by professional athletes has been at the center of an international ethical debate for many years (Katz). Many people argue that these drugs should be allowed, while others argue that these drugs should be banned from professional sports. Professional sports athletes should avoid the use of performance-enhancing drugs so that the integrity of sports will not be damaged

Role of Bc/Bf in Financial Inclusion - 16135 Words

ROLE OF BUSINESS CORRESPONDENT / BUSINESS FASCILITATOR IN FINANCIAL INCLUSION. A PROJECT REPORT Submitted by VARUN VERMA (2K92A49) PGDM GENERAL In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree Of MASTERS IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [pic] ASIA PACIFIC INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, NEW DELHI (2009-2011) ACKNOLEDGEMENT I wish to express my gratitude to NABARD, Haryana, for giving me an opportunity to be a part of it and enhance my knowledge by granting permission to do my summer project under NABARD Summer internship program. I would like to express my gratitude towards Dr. D.K Banerjee, Director, Asia Pacific Institute of Management. I’m grateful to my Mentor Mr. R.K. Singhal (Asia Pacific Institute of Management) for†¦show more content†¦| | | |INTRODUCTION 8-21 | |- FINANCIAL EXCLUSION | |- FINANCIAL INCLUSION | |- THE INDIAN SCENARIO | | | |2. COMPANY PROFILE 22 – 26 |Show MoreRelatedRole Of Commercial Banks On A Part Of Financial Inclusion Programme1598 Words   |  7 PagesFollowing are the role of commercial banks to be performed as part of financial inclusion programme: a) Financial literacy b) Credit counselling c) BC/BF model d) KYC norms e) KCC/GCC f) No-frill accounts financial literacy g) Branch expansion, h) Mobile banking, and i) Other measures. a) Financial literacy: Providing financial literacy is the essential function of financial inclusion, as the main cause for exclusion is the lack knowledge about formal financial system. Financial literacy states toRead Moreâ€Å"Role of Government in Financial Inclusion†4322 Words   |  18 PagesA RESEARCH PAPER ON â€Å"ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN FINANCIAL INCLUSION† Submitted By: Hemali Shah (MPM: 2nd Semester) ABSTRACT: Financial inclusion means a group of people should take part in growth activities and help to increase economic growth of the country. We cannot say that financial growth has been achieved by opening a bank account, granting huge loan to a single person and closing the account. First, many people have to open an account in a bank, save money regularly so that loans to needy peopleRead MoreFinancial Inclusion4920 Words   |  20 PagesPAPER ON ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN FINANCIAL INCLUSION Role of Government in financial inclusion Abstract:- This research paper contains the full information about the financial inclusion of the world’s economic. In this research paper we describe the financial inclusion basic meaning, definitions, scope significance. Now we move towards the second phase which include role of government role of banks in financial inclusion. we alsoRead MorePnb Project Report5624 Words   |  23 Pages |5 | | |3. |Vision and Mission |6 | | |4. |Financial Performance Comparison |7 | |3. |INFORMATION SYSTEM IN PNB |

What Is Worth Fighting for Free Essays

Jordan Jackson Mrs. Bugg English351 2/15/13 Family Is Worth Fighting For How is family important to you? Family is important because they are our family, they support us in everything we do, they are always there to protect us, they are there to stand up for us, they are always there for us , they will always be our family members and they will always love us. So shouldn’t we fight for them? Some people have a hard time even starting families on their own, some families are going through financial obstacles, but they will always be a family and they will always stick together. We will write a custom essay sample on What Is Worth Fighting for? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Family is worth fighting for. Families in the military have a hard time adopting children because of the constant moving around all the time whether it is in the states or in a different country. Adoption hasn’t been easy for those families in the military. â€Å"The issue of relocation is one of the major problems our families have faced when they are considering adoption, â€Å"confirms Al Smith. Families in the military probably have a family but if they want to adopt a child it is going be hard for them. Many people in the military don’t have time to actually produce kids on they’re own so they want to adopt but it’s hard. Al Smith started a foundation where people in the military can adopt kids without having any issues with traveling. Families who have financial difficulties have trouble providing for their family. Sometimes they have a hard time even putting food on the table. Families with a large amount of children have a hard time supporting their family especially if the parents don’t have a good paying job. In some families the parents don’t even have a job. One of the biggest causes of financial issues is job loss. Sometimes one of the children or one of the parents get very ill and paying for all the medical bills can put financial stress on a family. Sometimes parents have to have more than one job to provide for they’re family. Even when the kids get old enough to have a job they have to get a job to help provide money for their parents to pay the bills and to help put food on the table. Families even have to go through poverty. Today the poverty rate in the U. S. is the highest it’s been in 17 years, affecting some 46 million people. The economy is the main reason why the poverty rate is so high. ( Struggling Families Lift Themselves Out Of Poverty. NPR. org ) Families in poverty have nothing but the other people in their families to depend on. Immigrants that come to America to start a new life most likely start out with financial issues and they are in poverty. Maurice Lim Miller started a foundation to help get families out of poverty. This foundation helps the parents of this family to get back on their feet. They help the families get jobs, they feed the families, they house the families, they give the families clothes to wear. This foundation has helped many families get out of poverty. Some families go through domestic violence and the children have to deal with that for as long as the other parent is willing to deal with the abuse. It affects everybody in the family whether or not they are getting abused or not. It affects the children by having to see and deal with one of their parents or siblings going through that abuse, and sometimes the family has to move away from the place they grew up in to a new place. It affects the mom or dad by not knowing how to deal with the situation and even if they did know how they would have to move out of their house and leave the person that is the parent of their children. Women that are involved in domestic violence have to go to domestic violence shelters with they’re children. Domestic violence doesn’t have to be actually hitting the other person, it could be taking away the other person’s money. Keeping the money away from the other person can stop that person from paying bills and providing for they’re family. Family member’s that are going through abuse should be able to go to they’re other family members for advice on how to get out of that situation or for a place to stay to get away from that person abusing them. In conclusion families have to deal with many types of things like poverty, domestic violence, having trouble adopting. At the end of the day they are still a family and they have to push through whatever they are dealing through and be there for each other when they need it the most. Families have to make it day by day and deal with issues that come up, love each other even when they make wrong choices, be there for the other family member when times get hard and be there for them through the good times. Enjoy the time we have with our family now because life is short. Family is important, how are we willing to fight for them? Works Cited Page Fessler,Pam. â€Å"Struggling Families out of Poverty. † (2012) NPR. org. Web. 7 December 2012. â€Å"Obstacles Facing Military Families. † (2012) military. adoption. com. Web. 7 December 2012. How to cite What Is Worth Fighting for?, Papers

Requiem for an Aristocrat Essay Example For Students

Requiem for an Aristocrat Essay Requiem for an AristocratIts lonely at the top, a cliche that Faulkner reaffirms in his classical short story, A Rose for Emily. In this southern tale, a social class structure separated the high and mighty Griersons from the rest of the town. After the Civil War, the southern upper class society was dwindling with the northern industrialists rising in national influence. Emily Grierson was the product of an overprotective single father raising a high society child. During this era the southern high society type was considered a dying breed. Emilys father instilled values and morals that only an arrogant aristocrat could set in a child. Emilys inability to involve herself in social settings, her blatant disregard of the law, and her radical approach to intimate relationships all stem from her fathers upbringing. The town was filled with people Emily had no desire to interact with. She kept herself locked inside her house and sent Tobe, her servant, to take care of mostly all obligations that required social interactions. She spent the greater part of her life inside this fortress of solitude she considered home. During Emilys years as a young lady, she was led to believe none of the young men deserved her. The young men did not measure up to her fathers expectations so he dismissed them. Even at thirty years of age, Emily remained single because her father would limit her social interaction. So it was common for the townspeople to refrain from associating with such distinguished people. The entire town attended Emily Griersons funeral without knowing her beyond her name. This type o f upbringing left Emily isolated. Emily held an above-the-law attitude that was common amongst aristocrats in the southern states at that time. Once Emilys father died, the mayor felt obligated to allow Emily to refrain from paying taxes. When Emily visited her druggist for arsenic, he allowed her to purchase the poison without having to give reason for its use even though the law states that you must. Emily even disregarded the unwritten laws of high society. It was unheard of that a person of her stature would date a Yankee laborer. She went against even the most fundamental of social laws and gave a laborer, by the name of Homer Barron, an opportunity to court her. This shocked the entire town and reaffirmed her imperviousness (429). Emily was unable to produce a healthy relationship with a person because her father kept her single to her thirties, making her feel as though no man deserved her hand. Emily only had her father as a social partner to communicate with, so when he died she was alone. She decided to find a mate to replace the void left after his death. Homer Barron turned up at this time and represented the Yankee north through and through. He would disregard southern etiquette and would shout obscenities at the laborers who worked directly under him. This rebellious behavior led the young boys to follow him around. When he was not working, he drank and had fun with the young men. Homer Barron was constantly surrounded by a laughing crowd when he was in public. This gave him a popular status, which got Emily intrigued enough to develop a relationship with him. Once Emily found out Homer wanted to remain a bachelor and he no intentions of settling down with her, she expressed her dissatisfaction by pois oning him. Her desire to have him as a mate was greater than his life. She continued their relationship after she killed Homer by keeping his corpse and lying alongside it. Emilys superiority led her to act irrationally and cross the boundaries of sanity. From what she learned from her father from his upbringing, she was able to conclude that her actions were justified. She attributed her isolation to the townspeoples inferiority. She perceived the law as beneath her and for the average townspeople instead. Even murder was not a problem for her because she saw Homer Barron as property, the same way southerners saw Negroes at that time. False values and morals Emily received from the single influence in her life led her to commit otherwise inhumane acts and not tell the difference between right and wrong. All she was ever taught by her father was how to be lonely at the top.

Right to Work Laws free essay sample

Should our state adopt a right-to-work law? This is a hot topic that continues to be contested all over the United States. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the right-to-work law is good for the state of Michigan. If ever passed in Michigan, the right-to-work law would guarantee that no person could be compelled, as a condition of employment, to join or to pay dues to a labor union. Supporters of right-to-work laws point to research that say that right-to-work laws have a positive effect on states that adopt them while opponents of right-to-work laws do just the opposite. On February 1, 2012, the state of Indiana became America’s 23rd right-to-work state. Supporters of the right-to-work laws say that â€Å"Michigan may need to adopt such a law to better compete for jobs and talent† (Lafaive, 2012). Further supporting this issue Thomas Holmes authored a study that â€Å"examined manufacturing employment in border counties of neighboring states where one state had right-to-work protections and the other did not. We will write a custom essay sample on Right to Work Laws or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He found manufacturing employment as a percentage of county population increased by one-third in the counties within the right-to-work states compared to those in the non-right-to-work states. In a 2010 study by economist Richard Vedder, an adjunct scholar with the Mackinac Center, found that â€Å"40 percent of Americans lived in right-to-work states in 2007, up from 28. 5 percent in 1970. Moreover, Census data indicates that from April 2000 to July 2008, more than 4. 7 million people moved from non-right-to-work states to a right-to-work state† (Lafaive, 2012). These are only a few examples of external factors and findings that influence and impact the work forces and labor unions. While I have explained the ideas behind the supporters of these laws, there are also opponents. In a more recent 2012 study from Michael Hicks, an adjunct scholar with the Mackinac Center, â€Å"found that from 1929 through 2005, the presence of a right-to-work law did not play a role in state industrial composition or income from manufacturing† (Lafaive, 2012). Opponents of right-to-work laws contend the laws set in place lead to lower wages, hurt unions, lower standard of living, and sometimes contest that they are morally wrong for allowing people to receive union representation without actually paying for it. Douglas McCabe, a professor of management at Georgetown’s McDonough School of Business states, â€Å"If more states pass right-to-work, unions will lose members. He goes on to saying that it would discourage people from signing authorization cards to be able to hold a vote on unionizing† (Olson, 2012). CONCLUSION: â€Å"Each side of the right-to-work argument cites studies to back their views, but a uniform economic society is hard to find because individual states have their own, unique economic circumstances, such as availability of skilled workers and access to markets and infrastructure† (Olson, 2012).

Cont. Article Review Example

Cont. Article Review Example Cont. Article Review – Coursework Example Article Review Article Review The statistical discussion in the hypertension article uses inferential statistics to sample its data obtained through random variation as observed. In its analysis and selection of statistical tests, the article often uses aspects of comparison to determine the validity of both independent and dependent variables especially when trying to influencing the outcome. On the other hand, in regards to distribution tests, there is analysis of variances as seen in the understanding of hypertension as disease that results to cardiovascular failure. However, the use of the 1,239 respondents is an indicator of the prevalence of the illness because of the statistical rationale of using observational study. Selection for the tests is equally based on the rationale of relating the sample data sets that are fundamental in the methods of determining the effect of hypertension within the cross-sectional community. Alternatively, the decision to interview 7,164 families amongst the population totalling 45,587 reveal the connection between dependent and independent variables in influencing results (Creswell & Clark, 2011). These results, for instance, demonstrate that 35 percent or 434 males are directly affected by the disease because of socioeconomic status experienced in the rural areas. On the other hand, according to Creswell’s table, association between groups and group comparison is a reflection of the study subjects because it identifies the risk levels of the high blood pressure among the population. Comparing of significant correlates of the disease in terms of the variables of age group, gender, and literacy level also portray the difficulty of using cluster sampling to determine the correct results. ReferenceCreswell, J. & Clark, V. (2011). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research. New York, NY: SAGE.

Banana Chips

This provides an ample opportunity to a new entrant as the market is not dominated by some brands and with good quality and competitive pricing, it is possible to capture adequate market share. Production Banana Chips or Crisps are deep fried snack a small or casual meal. Cooking type bananas produce good Chips/Crisps. It is easy to make and the product is very tasty. The small-scale production requires but a few equipment, viz. A stove (Gas, Diesel fired or even a Firewood Stove), Kitchen knives, Peelers, Cutting boards, Plastic buckets, Cooking pots, Containers, Frying pan or Wok, Long Spoons or ladles, Cheese cloth, Colander, Trays and Baskets, Plastic Pouches, Candles amp; old Hacksaw blade or a small Electric Impulse Heat Sealer and Weighing scale. Production steps of Banana ChipsGood large size green cooking bananas slices are cut cross wise to give circular shape. Bigger size fruits are preferred to produce large size slices and an attractive product. Different varieties give products of different colour, flavour and taste. Crosswise slicing gives uniform, circular, attractive, product and is universally adopted for commercial production. This way as the slicing is faster the production increases. The steps involved in Banana Chips processing are: Selection: Good quality, green cooking bananas is preferred. Cutting and Peeling: Using a knife, banana bunches are separated from the main stem and individual bananas hands are separated from the bunches. Using a hand peeler, bananas are peeled and immediately sliced cross wise into thin, round slices. As some varieties with latex cause itching or irritation while handling, it is better to rub the hands with salt before peeling and slicing. Immersion in salt water: Immediately after slicing the slices are placed in salt water @ 3 to 5% of salt to the water. Added salt gets in to the slices and improves taste arid acceptability of the product. If slices are not placed in water, they turn Brown and later give an unacceptable dark product. Frying: Keep a large shallow Frying Pan or wok over a suitable stove (with adjustments for flame/heat control). The frying pan should be thick bottomed and with side rings for easy handling. Good edible vegetable cooking oil is used for frying. Bring the oil to fuming hot temperature. The long spoon or ladle used for taking out the fried chips from the wok can be either a big perforated one, of 8 to 12 inches in diameter and with long handle or of a large diameter wire mesh spoon with bamboo handle. The salt soaked slices are then dropped one by one manually into the hot oil in the frying pan. Never put the slices together in clusters into the oil as the slices being starchy stick to each other and are difficult to separate later. The normal practice followed is: Holding slices in left hand and dropping in rapid succession the separated slices one by one into the hot oil, or Slices taken out from the salt solution, separated and arranged either on a cheese cloth or on the dry big spoon itself and then carefully dropped into the hot oil. The frying temperature is maintained around 150 to 160C (just fuming) and frying time around 3 5 minutes depending on the slice thickness. Slices are deep-fried to golden yellow colour (till the bubbles seize) and taken out immediately using big perforated spoon. Over frying turns the chips dark and this will be considered an unattractive product. Draining of oil: Deep fried chips are put into perforated Colander for the excess oil to drain out and later transferred to a wide plastic or aluminum tray lined with craft paper or kitchen towel which absorbs/removes excess oil in chips and product is allowed to cool. Packing: Chips should never be packed while hot since hot air inside the pack condenses into water, which moistens the crisps resulting in soft, soggy chips. After cooling, chips are packed manually in plastic pouches and scaled airtight using either Hacksaw blade over candle flame or an electric impulse plastic sealer. Market PotentialDemand and SupplyThere is a very large market for banana chips and they can be sold at all such places where people assemble like theatres, picnic spots, bus stands or railway stations, traffic junctions etc. Retailing has to be done through small grocery shops as well as big departmental stores and super markets. There exists a strong demand for banana chips as most people enjoy eating snacks. While fresh cooking bananas are widely available, banana chips are not easily available in many parts of the country. Making chips increases the shelf life of the product in times of abundant harvest. Sales Location The owner has several options for selling the product as follows: At the local market; Through shops; and Through hotels amp; clubs. If the owner wishes to sell direct to the end customer, then the location with the highest traffic should be chosen. This will generally mean higher expenses in the form of rent. If the owner wishes to sell through shops, hotels or clubs, then the business can be started from your house. However, the owner will have to accept a lower mark-up to allow for a margin to be made for the shop owner. Costing the BusinessEquipment cost The following list represents a range of possible equipment needed for establishing a small scale banana chip producing business: Item | Quantity | Estimated Cost (Birr) | Purpose | Equipment | | | | Wok of frying pan | 1 | 500 | Fry chips | Gas Burners | 2 | 3000 | Stove top cooking | Plastic pots with lids | 5 | 200 | Storage | Knives | 3 | 60 | Cutting food | Spoons, wooden ladles | 5 each | 100 | Stirring for uniform frying | Cooling trays | 2 | 100 | Cooling hot fried chips prior to packing | Bag sealer | | 1600 | Packing fried chips | Total Equipment | | 5560 | | The prices used are estimated average cost based on Adama prices at the time this document was prepared. The above capital requirements are based on the principle of starting a small scale banana chip producing operation with minimum outlay of capital. This business can be of larger scale through the introduction of a deep fryer, and slicing machine. Staff CostA basic banana chip operation could be started by an owner helped by a family member. Position | Main responsibility | Monthly salary (Birr) | Owner | Manage business: decide prices, prepare chips, procure suppliers, supervise all staffs | 1500 | Helper | Assist in all areas | 700 | Total Staff Cost | | 2200 | Raw Material costYour major raw material is cooking bananas. Availability and price you pay for bananas will be determined to some extent by the weather conditions. In times of drought, availability will be less and price will be high. We will buy regularly from a few farmers. Once the suppliers know that we will be buying regularly, they will adjust their production to meet our demand and they should be willing to offer us a special price. Based on the costing and pricing part of this document, our raw material cost will be 1. 80 birr per 100 gram package. Raw materials include the raw banana, oil, salt, packaging and label. Raw material cost for one month consumption: Item | Quantity | Estimated Cost (Birr) | Raw Banana | 50kg | 600 | Edible Oil | 30ltr | 850 | Salt | 5kg | 15 | Packaging polythene/plastic | 1package | 200 | Total Raw Material Cost | | 1665 | License or Registration CostThe size and nature of this business does not require company registration and will be set-up as small and micro enterprise. For the purpose of this guide, the annual licence fee is estimated at 200 Birr. Operating CostA banana chip producing business has certain operational costs. Some of these costs are: Paid once when we establish services such as water, electricity ; Some are paid on a monthly basis. When we start our business we will usually need some working capital (money) to establish services, pay certain yearly expenses and to meet some of our monthly operational costs until the business can generate enough income to meet these costs. In the case of a banana chip producing business this should only be for the first month. The size and nature of this business probably will not warrant renting a new place. Electricity is not needed, but water is essential to the operation. Hence the operating costs listed below are on the basis of incremental costs incurred to run the business. For the purposes of this guide, it has been assumed that the product will be sold through a market stall. Below is a table showing the start-up and monthly operating cost associated with a banana chip producing business. Operational Cost | Initial Working Capital (Birr) | Monthly (Birr) | Rent (market stall) | 1000 | 500 | Water charges | 10 | 10 | Electricity | 50 | 50 | Gas | 200 | 200 | Cleaning supplies | 50 | 25 | miscellaneous | 100 | 50 | Total Operating Cost | 1410 | 335 | Startup Costs Item | Total (Birr) | Equipment | 5560 | Staff | 2200 | License and Registration | 200 | Raw Materials (First month) | 1665 | Operating expenses | 1410 | Total Start-up cost | 11,035 | The cost to start a banana chip producing business is around Birr 10,000. Costing and PricingIngredients: Bunch of cooking banana Water Salt Cooking oil Plastic bag Label Costing Ingredients | Quantity | Cost (Birr) | Cooking Banana | 100gms | 1. 35 | Salt amp; Cooking oil | | 0. 15 | Plastic Bag | | 0. 15 | Label | | 0. 15 | Total Cost per 100gm bag | | 1. 80 | Selling PriceObviously our selling price cannot be below Birr 1. 80. To determine our selling price we will try and investigate prices for similar items available. If there is a similar item, then our price will be close to that price. As we will be selling our product through shops, hotels or clubs, so we would have to allow a reasonable margin for the reseller. Probably a reasonable price for the above product will be Birr 2. 50. We will review prices if our product is not selling. ProfitabilityMonthly profit and loss | Breakeven Sales | Sale per day | 175 bags | Sales per month (25 days) | 4335 bags | Cost of raw materials | 1. 80birr/bag*4335 bag=7803 birr | Gross Profit | 2. 50birr/bag*4335bag-7803birr=3035 | Operational expenses/month | | Rent(market stall) | 500 | Wages | 2200 | Electricity | 50 | Gas | 200 | Water | 10 | Cleaning Supplies | 25 | Miscellaneous | 50 | Total | 3035 | Operating profit per month before tax | 0 | If we assume 2. 0 birr per bag unit price then the breakeven sales for this business is 175 bags per day. This means that if you sell less than 175 bags per day, you will make a loss. If you sell more than 175 bags per day at unit price of 2. 50 birr, you will make a profit. Financing the BusinessThe size and nature of this business is such that savings must necessarily be used for financing the business. In addition to our saving we will take a loan from Oromia Micro Finance Enterprise. Source of Finance | Amount (Birr) | Saving | 300 0 | Loan | 9000 | Total | 12,000 |

Content Analysis on Prime Time Television Using Cultivation Theory Research Paper

Content Analysis on Prime Time Television Using Cultivation Theory - Research Paper Example Cultivation Theory was developed by George Gerbner and Larry Gross based on their research in order to identify and understand the effects of television on its viewers. They focused more on the culture of violence that is evidently and explicitly embedded in television programs and on how this message is inculcated in its audience, thus affecting their social behavior and disposition. Gerbner and Gross also correlated that as the exposure to such programs increases or becomes a constant factor on the daily lives of people, they tend to develop and adopt the same notion of thinking that, indeed, the world is full of violence. Cultivation theory remains to be one of the most popular theories in mass communication phenomena and is an essential theory in understanding behavioral (Bryant, 2004). n the Saturday program, FOX aired two episodes of Cops and an episode of Bones. The plot of these TV shows clearly depicts a violation of criminal law and grave offenses against society. The former is an action-packed documentary and reality show that revolves around what transpires in the line of duty of law enforcement agencies from various areas and departments of United States, while the latter is a fictional series about a team of forensic investigators who solve crime mysteries by analyzing, examining human remains, and determining the cost of death of the victims. While these shows can be easily concluded, and rightly so as to having themes of heavy violence, they also portray other messages as well.

Exploring the use of outdoor play to support children's development in Dissertation

Exploring the use of outdoor play to support children's development in a nursery in Beckton - Dissertation Example Being able to play outdoors was perceived to be good for one’s health and well-being. The respondents reported that supervision of outdoor play entailed challenges in keeping the environment safe for the children, adding variety to their play and keeping them appropriately dressed for whatever weather there is during their outdoor play. Analysis of the data led to recommendations of using a bigger number of participants, improvement of the questionnaire and using focus group interviews to yield more qualitative insights from practitioners in the early years. Purposes and Aims This study purports to explore how outdoor play supports children’s development in one nursery school in Beckton. This children’s centre caters to very young children aged two to five years. Being aware that play serves many purposes for children (Bruce, 2004; Eden, 2008; Wood & Attfield, 2005), this research wants to explore first-hand, what teachers, practitioners, parents and children the mselves think about outdoor play and how it is beneficial to them and children’s growth and development. Most studies focus on the benefits of play, however, not many studies specifically refer to outdoor play, especially those which are unstructured. Some studies focus on the safety of outdoor play (White, 2008; Clements, 2004).Allowing young children to play freely out in the sun without much physical constraints offered indoors may yield behaviours and outcomes which are not usually studied. This is the rationale for the choice of research – to find out more about what outdoor play can do to support children’s early development and how adults around them view outdoor play Outdoor play is differentiated with indoor play by the venue and nature of the play experience. As the word implies, outdoor play is held outdoors, with less physical constraints and more space to move around. The literature likens the outdoors to a garden (Herrington, 2001; Froebel, 1898; W ood & Attfield, 2005) where large motor play is encouraged (Wellhousen, 2002). Outdoor play has been found to provide several benefits for children, among these, physical gains, promotion of spirituality, independence, critical thinking and enhancement of children’s love for nature (Lindon, 2000; Faegre et al, 1958). It also is a natural motivation for social interaction with peers. This research will be useful for teachers, parents, caregivers and other adults involved in the care and education of young children. Their young wards are at the stage when they are curious, physically active and restless to find out more about their world. This research attempts to bring light to the topic of outdoor play and provide ideas to adults on how they can use outdoor play to support the children’s over-all growth and development. This research is conducted to find out the following: How is outdoor play used to support the children’s development? What are the possible bene fits of outdoor play? What are the possible challenges in provision for outdoor play? Data Results and Discussion of Findings This section presents the results of the study as well as discusses its implications for outdoor play and its significance in the development of young children as viewed by teachers and practitioners, parents and the children themselves. Presentation of findings culled from raw

Israeli politics and the position of Palestinians in the conflict Essay Example for Free

Israeli politics and the position of Palestinians in the conflict Essay The U S and Israel are engaged in extensive strategic Like political and military American aids to Israel specially in project allocations and loans intelligence sharing As according to Lt. Col Abo-sak said that U. S relation with middle east specially focus on America’s involvement in the Palestinian-Israeli crisis . There are few reasons that Israel always stand by American side. The first is that American military ensure security of nation and trade and access to maintain all the facilities of the Israel. American and Israel signed memorandum of understanding which say’s that there would be close security co-operation and co-ordination between the Governments of these two countries. These two nations mutually agree to stand together against terrorism and co-operate in information sharing, investigation, research, and development of policy making. In December 2005 both the state signed agreement to joint against the smuggling of nuclear and radioactive material this agreement is the part of the non- proliferation program of the U. S. Department of Energys National Nuclear Security 2. In 1993 Israel and Palestine signed the declaration of principles to create peace between the two countries. After a radical Israeli opposed to the peace process assassinated Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, the Labor party lost the Israeli election of 1996, giving away to the Likud party led by Benjamin Netanyahu. According to Karen (1991) the new government did not commit itself to the peace accords signed by the previous Israeli government, and the peace process was slowed to a standstill giving way to war. A) What happened during Ehud Barak and Ariel Sharons Administrations? During his tenure Barak really work lot on the Israel economic sector and he solve the case of the recession and make boom in economic with 5. 9% annual growth and there was zero inflation, and his Government basically focuses on the peace making process and he led to effort to negotiate on peace making agreement 1stly he went to Syria and later to Palestinian authority with the help of the American ex- president bill Clinton and his administration some how these negotiation didn’t work out. Mr. Barak also said that the whole government is for the national interest and for the looming security challenges and the economic crisis as he also mentioned that labor can play major role for the counterforce inside the government and labor party ‘s dominant role in shaping the Israeli state . After the Barak ,Ariel Sharon became the new prime minster of the Israel and he also negotiate with the Palestinian leader for the peace making process and said that Israel is also full of Jewish population and there should be complete co-operation among two countries and it should be united and indivisible for eternity . The new Israeli government violated the terms of the peace accord by, among other things, building new Israeli settlements in occupied lands, also in contravention of the international law. b) What role have the Palestinians played in this? And what has Hamas done? Palestinians was completely agree to establish peace within and with other countries so far its known that earlier Palestine was completely under the control of Israel and many people of Palestine was homeless and moved to the other countries as refugees and that the conflict had been fight to bring refugees back to Palestine and therefore this was the ultimate reason for the peace process from the Palestine ,such group like Hamas which work for the peace in Palestine and Hamas is also know as terrorist group. Hamas is the largest and most influential Palestinian militant. In January 2006, the group won the Palestinian Authoritys (PA) general legislative elections, and defeated Fatah; the party of the PA’s president, Mahmud Abbas, since coming in power, Hamas has continued refuses to recognize the state of Israel. Historically, Hamas has sponsored an extensive social service network. This group also operated a terrorist wing, carrying out suicide bombings and attacks using mortars and short-range rockets. Hamas is not a terrorist group it is an addition of military wing The basic goal of the Hamas is combined with Palestinian nationalism with Islamic fundamentalism it was to replace PA of Israel with an Islamism state on the west bank and Gaza and to rise the banner of the Allah in whole Palestine . 3. Applying peaceful facts in accordance with the principles of the US constitution would prevent the USA from making bias decisions that are constantly being made by the administrators against Arabs. a) Explain and give examples of these peaceful facts that can be used. The united state Institute of peace (USIP) seeks to here a fair move toward to its work connecting to Arab-Israeli relations by supporting investigate, program and grants that get better sympathetic, expand ability and study the issues in ways that can be helpful to all parties who are looking for peace. Arab-Israeli relationships have deteriorated to their lowly point in an age band, with increasing and widening cruelty. However, the harshness of the evils may force the parties to think again long-stagnant issue and make opportunity for new efforts to decide the disagreement. In order to grab on the forecast for renewing discussions, USIP is conducting both policy-relevant investigation and pioneering training in hold of local initiatives to put up sustain for peace. 4. In the past, the United States officials were on the side of the Israelis and gave bias opinion on the Arabs creating a condition of animosity and terror between the two countries. a) Give examples of this. American strategy in the Middle East has had few successes to speak of—smaller amount still when bearing in mind the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. One reason: With few exceptions (President Carter certainly, President Clinton occasionally), Arabs in general and Palestinians in exacting have not trusted American negotiators, who have always taken sides—Israel’s. The last time American mediation achieved an absolute success was from side to side the Camp David agreement of 1979, when Israel and Egypt signed a peace treaty and Israel ceded back the Sinai to Egypt. Last 60 years the United States has claimed a dominant role in Middle East issues. But its evidence is poor. Concerning the Palestinians, it’s almost negligible. Americans have little trust in Palestinian eyes. There’s a reason why. As Aaron David Miller explain in The Much Too Promised Land , each American presidential management live a mediating position in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict takes it for decided that it’s on Israel’s side first and foremost. This is not only the matter of ideology. Miller describes how each text, every peace plan, and every accord that the Americans presented in Palestinian-Israeli talks over the years were vetted first through Israeli negotiators. Ronald Reagan once, in September 1982, announces a peace plan without first informing the Israelis. United States is not only violating the Camp David accords but also the U. S. promise to ask with Israel before responsibility such a plan. As Begin fluctuate between anger, tired acceptance, and a hurt resentment, it became clear that what set him off most was the American choice to organize the proposal in go onward with both the Jordanians and the Saudis. 5. President Obama must now ensure that the historical mistakes that were made by the past regime that lead to massive killings and displacement are not repeated during his reign as the president of the US. To ensure that his legacy remains in the book of records; US human rights groups, non-governmental organizations and research centers hat has been continuously supported by the United Nations to give a conflicting information that has increased insecurity and fear between the two nations. a) How can president Obama do this? â€Å"President Barack Obama said on Wednesday Israeli plans to build more homes near East Jerusalem were not helpful for the Middle East peace process, but he said the issue had not led to a crisis with one of the United States closest allies†. In an interview with FORX news channel’s president Obama said that ‘Israel is one of the closed allies of the America and American and Israeli people have special relationship and bond and that not going away. ’ He also mentioned that there is dissimilarity in terms of peace making process. Whatever action has been taken by Prime Minister (Netanyahu) of Israel didn’t work out so he said that what America need now is both side to recognize and to realize that this move of peace is for their nation interest. 6. Discuss USAs views towards the conflict in the cold war and during the peace process. Due to cold war the United States became intensely occupied in the Middle East after 1945. U. S. officials required constancy in the Middle East on behalf of their objectives in the area and about the world. Stability in the area, these leaders unspecified, would help them safeguard their essential wellbeing and succeed in the Cold War. The Arab-Israeli conflict directly threatened Middle East stability in the late 1940s and 1950s. Israel refused to send home Arab Palestinian refugees, who became a political reason for the leaders of Arab states. Limitations on trade and shipping and disagreement about territorial restrictions and waterways bitter all of the protagonists. Despite the significance of Arab-Israeli peace to regional constancy, however, U. S. officials subsume their peacemaking to other Cold War interests. Government of USA tempered its devotion to conflict resolution with a determination to deny the Soviets any chance to gain political power in the Middle East. In the end, the United States unsuccessful to resolve the overall Arab-Israeli conflict or any of its exact dispute. The United States became fixed in the middle of the Arab-Israeli conflict. U. S. officials felt bound by their global repression policy to intercede in the Arab-Israeli conflict and to protect sound relations with all sides of the argument. U. S. has strategic approach in the direction of the Arab-Israeli argument during the first two presidential administrations after World War II. . Reference: Abo-Sak, Lieutenant Colonel Mohammed F. (1999) US Involvement in the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: Solution or Complication? Retrieved on 1 May 2010 from http://www. alhewar. com/LtCol. htm Abo-Sak, Lieutenant Colonel Mohammed F. [Gaza: New Dynamics of Civic Disintegration Journal of Palestinian Studies, Summer 1993] Special REPORT with Bret Baier Barack Obama (17th march 2010) available at topics. nytimes. com Hahn, P L (2004) Caught in the Middle East U. S. Policy toward the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 1945-1961 Abstract available and Retrieved on 1 May 2010 from http://uncpress. unc. edu/browse/page/393 Tristam P, (n. d. ) Americas Pro-Israel Bias: Why the United States Takes Israels Side A Long-Standing Commitment to Israel in the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict Retrieved on 1 May 2010 from http://middleeast. about. com/od/arabisraeliconflict/a/me080707. htm Israel and Saudi Arabia Retrieved on 1 May 2010 from http://www. usip. org/countries-continents

The Plight of the Late Nineteenth Century American Farmer Essay

The Plight of the Late Nineteenth Century American Farmer From the early beginnings of America to well into the nineteenth century, America has been dominantly an agricultural country. Farming and the country life have always been a great part of the American culture. Thomas Jefferson even expressed his gratitude for the farming class by saying Those who labor in the earth are the chosen people of God, if ever He had a chosen people, whose breasts He, has made His peculiar deposit for substantial and genuine virtue. The American culture was built upon farming and agriculture but since the end of the civil war and the abolition of slaves, things have changed dramatically to the American lifestyle. This time brought on the Industrial Revolution which sparked many factories and new ways of transportation across America. There were many acts passed to encourage the agricultural lifestyle still such as the Homestead Act of 1862, the Timber Culture Act of 1873, the Desert Land Act of 1877, and the Timber and Stone Act passed in 1878. As a result of these acts, farm income dropped and new machines and methods or systems to farm such as sharecropping and tenant farming became available and made it much easier to increase crop yields. The people who had the smaller farms, uncultivated land, or limited resources could not compete against the farms who were bigger, better, and more modernized with the new technology. After many people failed on the farms, they were seen heading to t...

Vincent Van Gogh

Vincent Van Gogh, genius or madman? ‘The connection between genius and mental illness is paradoxically both clearer and murkier than that between genius and high intelligence. ‘ (Published on March 31 , 2011, Andrew Robinson) Van Gogh, possibly the most famous example of a known genius who beard the title of a mentally ill individual, had severe depression, inflicted serious injury on his own earlobe in the year of 1888, admitted himself to a mental facility, and shot himself in 1890, yet he is one of the most respected and well known men of our time, all because of his unmistakable and ingenious art work.Van Sago's recurrent mental derangement's were never in suspicion, not by himself nor his family. However, his sanity was never questioned either. Vincent Van Gogh was a known madman; it was never in question to anyone, not even himself, â€Å"l am unable to describe exactly what is the matter with me; now and then there are horrible fits of anxiety, apparently without cause, or otherwise a feeling of emptiness and fatigue in the head†¦. â€Å". (Vincent Van Gogh, date unknown) Van Gogh had been diagnosed with many conditions, illnesses and mental instabilities.Some being epilepsy, bipolar disorder, depression, psychotic episodes, and unpredictable mood swings. Doctors including Dry. Person and Dry. Felix Ere believed that Van Sago's epileptic seizures were occurring due to temporal lobe epilepsy. He was born with a brain laceration that was thought to of been intensified by his recurrent consumption of absinthe, this is what is believed to have caused his epileptic condition. Enthusiasm and dedication were standout characteristics in Van Sago's personality.Impulsive behavior was a prominent factor in his life, though hose periods were on every occasion trailed by depression and exhaustion. Therefore, doctors and specialists concluded that manic depression or bipolar disorder was a component of Van Sago's life. His bipolar disease is also wh at lead to his suicidal demise. Vincent Van Gogh was also diagnosed with Hyperplasia, which is a condition making ones desire [need to write intensify to an almost continuous level. This disorder is commonly linked to another of his conditions; epilepsy.The assortment of over 800 letters that Van Gogh wrote throughout his life time could be recognized and attributed to this condition. It has never been an uncertainty in our society that Vincent Van Gogh is in fact one of the most famous genius' within his art work; his art is known worldwide as astounding pieces of work. Although he was not recognized as a genius in his day, and his work was worth next to nothing, today he is seen as one of the greatest artists of both his and our time, and his paintings are worth millions.Not only was Van Gogh introducing a new style of art, experimenting with new concepts and colors but he was the beginning of a new era; expressionism. This is not only a remarkable point in history but also suppor ts the act that Vincent Van Gogh was in fact a genius; for one single man began a whole new look into art. The society he lived in was not ready for his non-conforming behavior and harsh reality of what truth lied behind his paintings.Not only with the realistic colors he used but also the concepts; he was not only painting portraits as everyone else was, however he rebelled against tradition and began painting landscapes and everyday images such as drawings of gardens, sunflowers, Patience Scalier, Eugene Boca, the Rollins, cafes, his room and his chair; all incredibly alive ND beautiful. Genius by definition is, ‘somebody with exceptional ability, especially someone whose creative achievements gain worldwide recognition'.It is no argue that Vincent Van Gogh met these requirements. It is believed that one of Van Sago's numerous physicians, Dry. Cachet treated his condition of epilepsy with a prescription drug by the name of digitalis. The drug has been known to cause one to s ee either yellow spots, or to view things in yellow. This is a very possible reason as to why Van Gogh painted a lot of yellow. A popular drink in his time was absinthe, and Van Gogh rank a substantial amount of it, however what most people don't know is that there is Outshone present in the liqueur.Outshone is a toxin that when taken in high doses can, once again cause one to view things in yellow. Physicians who have studied the artist have conflicting thoughts on whether this is what caused his attraction to yellow or not. Van Gogh used lead based paints, so there is differing assumptions to whether or not he suffered from lead poisoning by biting on paint chips. One of the effects from lead poisoning is that is causes one to see circles around objects; much eke halos, which is present in his famous painting ‘The Starry Night'.Van Sago's paintings are purely the reason he is known as a genius and the fact that his mental derangement's assisted with the completion of his wor k and to the standard it was, and also the way it was done supports the fact that he is a genius because he was a madman. Vincent Van Gogh; a man well recognized as a genius who beard the label of a mentally ill human being. Throughout his life he created some of the most high end paintings and drawings, and he would not have done so without some of the mental imbalances that were present in his life. Vincent Van Gogh Vincent van Gogh was an interesting man. Vincent van Gogh had one of the strongest impacts on the art world in the sass. He was not recognized until his death and he sold only one painting when he was alive. This painting was â€Å"The Red Vineyard†. Van Gogh suffered from mental illness and depression. No one knows how he got them but these illnesses have made his art better. He used his emotions and depression in his artwork. Every single piece of his depicts his depression and sorrow. Vincent van Gogh has impacted the world with his paintings. He was a post-impressionist minter whose work, notable for its beauty, emotion and color, highly influenced 20th- century art. â€Å"(www. Biography. Com/people/Vincent-van-Gogh-951 5695, Unknown Author) Most people know him for his famous painting â€Å"Starry Night†. Van Gogh has left his mark on the world and art itself. Vincent van Gogh was born on March 30, 1853 in Holland. As a child van Gogh had a very normal life. He g rew up in the village of Grotto Evader. His parent's were Theodore, who was a Protestant minister, and Anna Cornelia van Gogh. Vincent was named after his older brother who died when he was born.His mother never got over her first son's death and never grew to love van Gogh. When he was young, he started forming mental problems. Van Gogh had two brothers and three sisters. Their names were Thee and Core and Elisabeth, Anna and WI. Vincent was the oldest of his family. He loved all of his siblings but he grew the strongest relationship with his brother Thee. When he was a child, his mother taught all the children how to draw and paint with watercolors. She also taught them how to love the environment and the outdoors. Vincent loved the outdoors and would always go on walks.On these walks, he would come across the cemetery and in the cemetery was Baby Vincent grave. The site of seeing his own name and birthday on the grave frightened van Gogh. Whenever he saw this he would think about how perfect his older brother was and how he will never reach that status and how he will fail. Vincent van Gogh went to school like any other kid in the sass but because of financial problems, he had to drop out and start working. When he was 16, he started working at the Hogue gallery which was run by Gospel and Company. His Uncle Cent, who was an art dealer himself, got him a Job.Being away from his family, van Gogh was at the height of his life. He started to gain more knowledge in every aspect. He began to read many books and he learned how to speak French, English and German. Vincent worked there for six years and on his fourth year at Gospel and Company, he transferred to London, England. When he was 20 years old, he fell in love with his landlady's daughter. Her name was Egg ©nine Layer. Van Gogh asked her to marry him but he was turned down and rejected. She said that she was already secretly engaged. Vincent van Gogh was infuriated by this.He threw away all of his books side the Bible and decided to devote himself to God. At work, Vincent started to argue and fight with his coworkers and the customers. When he turned 23, he was fired from Gospel and Company. He then decided to go to school to become a minister like his father. Van Gogh was very tough on himself and whenever he studied wrong, he would punish himself. These punishments would be starving himself or staying outside for the night in the cold. He was very stubborn and he refused to take one of the exams. No schools would take him because of his stubbornness and his refusal.Van Gogh still believed that he was meant to be a minister so went to preach to the miners of Baronage. While he was there, he sketched most of the things he saw. He gave his house to a sick woman and slept in a shack. He helped the miners but while he was helping them, he was suffering. The miners called him the Christ of the coalmines. Vincent van Gogh got pleasure from suffering. He felt that when he suffered, he w as taking some ones hurt away from them. The church felt that the Job wasn't safe for him so they let him go. Van Gogh had no place to live and had no money.He thought of himself as a failure and he would always look at the sketches of the miners and wonder how he could help people like that. He then decided that he wasn't going to help them by being a minister, he was going to help them through his art. He decided to become an artist. Even though he had no artistic training, he gave everything his all. Vincent wrote to his brother Thee, asking him for some support. Thee agreed and Vincent moved back to Holland. At the age of 28, he finished his first oil painting. Thee was a respected art dealer at Gospel and Company so every painting van Gogh would make, he would end it to Thee.Dan Gogh then fell in love with his cousin, Kate. Her husband had just passed away and she was grieving his death. Van Gogh asked her for her hand in marriage but she denied. She then ran away from Vincent but, like last time, he could not take no for an answer. He chased after her back to her home in Amsterdam. Van Gogh talked to her family and they explained to him that she didn't want that relationship. His family was very disgusted with him for his actions. Vincent did not want to live at home anymore so he moved to the capital city of South Holland, The Hogue.In the city, he met Classic Maria Horn. She was an alcoholic and a prostitute and Vincent soon fell in love with her. She also had a four-year-old girl and was pregnant. She became sick and stopped prostituting. Because she could not work anymore, she was Vincent model for all of his paintings. In 1882, Vincent van Gogh found out he had syphilis. Classic started work again and Vincent became very depressed. They started fighting and Vincent depression got worse. Van Gogh left Classic and moved to Drenched. If he didn't leave Classic, his family would cut him off and not support him with any money.In Drenched, he began to pai nt the people and the landscape. This is where he finished his first painting. â€Å"Fulfilling his desire to paint figures, and 1885 van Gogh completed his first major work, The Potato Eaters which proved a unknown author) Thee received â€Å"The Potato Eaters† and said it was too gloomy and dark. Thee said that the dark colors that Vincent used were not popular anymore. People in art started using bright colors and boldness which was called Impressionism. Van Gogh decided to go to the Academy of fine arts in Antwerp. He discovered Japanese art and really admired it.He learned a lot in art school but decided that it wasn't for him and moved to France. In France, van Gogh started painting like the other Impressionists. He was invited into a circle of Impressionist artists. This group consisted of Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, Edgar Degas, and Georges Serrate. Vincent began to use a brighter palette in all of his art pieces. Impressionist artists would only paint when the l ight was perfect and when they were in the mood. Vincent felt that it didn't matter and he would paint all day in any type of light. He also created the technique of using small and short brushstrokes.Vincent van Gogh created a new type of art, which was Post- Impressionism. He put more emotion in his art and was more experimental with his paintings and his techniques. Painting was the only thing that kept him sane most of the time. Van Gogh felt that he was more dedicated than the other artists. He and his artist friends would pose for each other to save money. They dedicated themselves to art and nothing else. In 1886, Vincent became very interested in Japanese prints. For two years, he painted like the Japanese. He moved into this yellow house in Arles because he was told the light was Just like Japan's.Vincent used his money for paint and not food. He lived off of bread and coffee. At night you would drink absinthe which made him feel strange and start hallucinating. In the day Vincent would find himself eating paint and drinking turpentine. Vincent van Gogh started to go crazy. His brother was worried about him so he paid Vincent friend, David Gauguin, to watch after him. David was also an artist and they painted together but they would always fight. David lived with van Gogh for a month but couldn't take it anymore. After an argument, David walked out of the house and went on a walk.He didn't think anyone was with them but then he heard footsteps and Vincent was right behind him holding a knife. Van Gogh went home and later that night he paid for a prostitute named Rachel. Vincent head was bleeding and he handed Rachel a part of his ear. When he handed her part of his ear, he said â€Å"keep this object carefully† and walked back to his house. He was found by the police and they checked him into the hospital. Thee came to visit him and Vincent was suffering from loss of blood and seizures. Van Gogh was released from the hospital was all alone.Davi d left the house ND Vincent became very depressed again. He tried to paint to make him feel better but it didn't work. The whole village of Arles made a complaint that van Gogh was a danger to the people in the town. Vincent was kicked out of Arles and checked into a clinic. Even though he was in the asylum, he still painted. He started to paint the hospital gardens and in November of 1889, he was asked to send in paintings to Brussels for an exhibit. He only sent six paintings and two of them were â€Å"Starry Night† and â€Å"Irises†. Throughout those 10 years, van Gogh painted about 900 painting.Vincent mental problems seemed to be getting better so he left the clinic. Van Sago's nephew was born on January 31, 1890. His nephew was named after him and to think Thee and his wife, he made a painting for them. This painting was named â€Å"Blossoming Almond Tree† and it symbolizes new life. During that same time, Thee sold one of Vincent paintings for the first t ime. Van Gogh moved to the country in Avers and his depression began to get worse. On July 27, 1890, Vincent went on a walk to a wheat field and shot himself. The gunshot did not kill him instantly and he found his way back to his apartment. Vincent van gogh There are a umber of things in this painting; this painting shows us that she is very poor. There are no flowers, lamps and garden. The house is the bare minimum; it shows the 19th Century things for the poor in the countryside were dark. Self-portrait, this painting shows us that he seems to frown and wrinkle his brow in concentration, he looks very lonely. He use orange dots in the background seem to reflect the orange red of his beard. He Inner is melancholy but he use the most warm color-orange, he should be eager to get love.I think that's almost impossible without knowing his name. He is one of the greatest artists in the world. He was born in 1850 three or two someday, whatever. And as a lot of people know, Van Gogh is the oldest child in their family, but actually, his parent's had a little baby before him, the baby died the same day Just one year before Van Gogh was born. So, they gave the two babies a identical name, this is why sometime people will call Van Gogh †the second Vincent. Sources: Chapter 4, Chapter 6, Chapter 1 1 . Vincent van gogh Vincent van Gogh BY allele Vincent Van Sago's Work of Art Ann. Lee Humanities 1301 Professor Philip Nonuser 02 December 2013 Professor Nonuser Vincent Van Gogh is a unique and outstanding artist who had a dramatic life that affected his paintings. At the age of twenty-seven, Vincent decided to devote his life for art because Vincent believed in the power of art. To him, a work of art, whether drawing or painting, had as striking an â€Å"effect† as a live sermon or a letter†( Euchre 17) . Van Gogh started his work of art with drawing.Vincent sent Thee, is brother, some of his drawings such as Au Carbonate (At the Coalmines), Miner Shouldering a Spade or Men and Women Going to the Mines. He drew everything he saw in everyday life. The miners and weavers usually appeared in his drawings. In the letter to his brother, Thee, he told him about his sympathy for these people :† I should be very happy if someday I could draw them, so that those unknown or little- known typ es would be brought before the eyes of the people†(20). In summer of 1882, he started paintings in oils.Vincent often paints † the simplest, most miserable, cost scorned objects† such as old shoes or † loamy' potatoes. (Huge 61). Vincent painted with dark and sorrowful colors. At the end of 1882, he experiments with lithography. He created a series often graphic works: nine lithographs and one etching. In the letter to his brother Thee, Vincent told him about drawing: Sorrow is one of Van Sago's lithographs. The special thing about this lithograph is that it was originally a painting about a naked prostitute † sitting with flabby breasts, heavy stomach, thin and stiff hair and weeping with her head on her knees† (Huge 6).Vincent also decided to do a lithograph based on the painting The Potato Eaters. The Potato Eaters is his first major work. It depicted five miserable family members, who were peasants, gathered around the table, eating their pota toes in the end of a day. Vincent wanted to attain the moral value in this painting: † I have tried to emphasize that those people , eating their potatoes in the lamplight, have dug the earth with those very hands they put in the dish, and so it speaks of manual labor, and how they have honestly earned their food† (Euchre 88).Van Sago's only etching, L ‘Home  ¤ la Pipe: Portrait du Doctor Cache,depicted Dry. Paul Cachet, a doctor and friend of Van Sago's who took care of him in the final weeks of his life. In 1886, Vincent moved to Paris, where he met his brother Thee, and he also made friends with Gauguin, Pissarro and Serrate. He discovered the French Impressionist. However, through Monticello, he â€Å"discovered both flowers and color† (Huge 63). And through his new friends, he brightened his palette. The Million De la Galatea is yellowed in tone but still muted in spite off pale sky.The hill of Montmartre was treated more conventionally; the painting was dominated by green and yellow ( Euchre 114). During 1887, Vincent created more than twenty- two self- portraits. The reason for this large amounts of his self-portraits was as though he wanted to rediscovered himself physically after he changed his style in art . Another reason is that Vincent Van Gogh was short of money, therefore, he became his own subject: â€Å"l purposely bought a good enough mirror to work from myself, for want of a model†.Self -portrait with a Straw Hat painted in the summer of 887 † show the artist's awareness of Neo-elementariness technique and color theory† ( The Metropolitan Museum of Art), † the background is sketched in by meaner of very widely spaced, comma- like strokes† ( Euchre 1 15). In 1888, he moved to Arles. Vincent was affected by the strong sunlight and he became † the prey of the sun† , † he burst out with spring, reached his highest point during summer and discovered July and the flame's p lenitude†(Euchre 165).At this point of time, his style changed immensely , and it was greatly impacted by the work of the Impressionists and Neo- Impressionists. He started to abandon somber palette and experiment with lighter colors such as red, yellow, orange, green, blue. We can easily see this change in his paintings such as The Pear Tree in Blossom, The Angle's Bridge, Boats at Anchor, Market Gardens, The Suave, A Walk in Arles, The Cafe at Night†¦ Etc. Besides, Vincent also developed his own unique style of painting. Vincent also experimented with the broken brush strokes of the Impressionists and hugely influenced by the Japanese prints.In 1887, he usually went to the shop of Samuel Being, a dealer of oriental art. He purchased many Japanese prints from Being. After that, he organized an exhibition of Japanese prints at the cafe Lee Tambourine. The Japanese prints were used in the background of the painting Portrait of Peer Tangy by Vincent. In the painting Still L ife with Plaster Statuette,† the plane in which the plaster statuette is placed crosses the picture surface vertically from one edge to the other, for shaking all the rules of illusionist perspective for the† plunging† approach of the Japanese†( Euchre 130).In the Woman at Lee Tambourine painted from the beginning of 1887, â€Å"the technique is Impressionist, but the background is treated in Japanese fashion, that is divided into parallel down in vertical stripes† (132). Between the years 1886 and 1889, Vincent painted more than over 30 self- portraits, reflecting his current pursuit of integrative color contrasts and a bolder composition. His collections of self-portraits place him among the most productive self- portraitists of all time. These portraits not only marked changes in his painting technique but also a reflection of his psychological world.The painting â€Å"Self Portrait with Pipe† was painted in 1886, before Vincent moved to Pari s. This is the typical kind of Vincent earlier painting style, using melancholy colors, which are characteristic of traditional Dutch painting. In 1887, Vincent was trying to use Pointillism for his â€Å"Self Portrait†. Pointillism is a painting technique which was created by the artist Georges Serrate. However, Vincent failed at imitating † Caesura's patient and analytical approach to the technique† ( The History in Self Portraits). Another self portrait of Vincent Van Gogh is † Self Portrait with a Gray Felt Hat†.This portrait showed that he reached the peak of his new painting technique. He also applied brush strokes of different contrast colors such as blues, oranges, yellow, white, lilac, sky blue, and green. In June 1888, Vincent was interested in the night of Saints- Maries in Arles that he decided to paint the beautiful view of the night. It was the † Night Cafe† which Vincent stated in the letter to Thee :† equivalent, thoug h different, of the † Potato Eaters† and † In my picture of the † Night Cafe† I have tried to express the idea that the cafe is a place where one can ruin oneself, go mad or commit a crime†( Euchre 164).Then, Vincent had his second night study : â€Å"Cafe Terrace by Night†. In the letter that Vincent sent to Wilhelmina, he expressed his pleasure to his paintings: Here you have a night picture without any black in it, done with nothing but beautiful blue and violet and green, and in these surroundings the lighted square acquires a pale sulfur and greenish citron-yellow color. It amuses me enormously to paint the night on the spot. They used to draw and paint the picture in the daytime after the rough sketch. But I find satisfaction in painting things immediately.Of course it's true that in the dark I may mistake a blue for a green, a blue- lilac for a pink-lilac, for you cannot rightly extinguish the quality of a hue. (Euchre 164) In Octobe r 1888, Gauguin came to Arles and lived with Vincent. Gauguin was Vincent friend. He was famous for creating painting in many different styles, including Impressionism and Primitivism. When being together, they painted paintings and discussed with each other about different technique. Next month, under Gauguin urging, Vincent experimented with painting from memory.Vincent started to imitate Gauguin technique of painting from memory during this time that resulted in his painting becoming less realistic and more attractive. Vincent deliberately used colors to capture moods, rather than using colors realistically. Their first encounter in painting took place at the Alleyways. In December 1888, Van Gogh did two chair paintings: Vincent Chair and Gauguin Armchair. In Vincent Van Gogh- Art, Life and Letters, Euchre said Vincent chair † is a creature of light.The intensity of the yellow note, emphasized by the vibrant blue of the contour , marks the paintings of the future painted â €Å"in such a way that everybody , at least if they have eyes, would see it†. Whereas the elegant armchair is bathed in full chiaroscuro'(202). However, their enthusiasm for each other and art faded away, and soon replaced by quarrels. Vincent had less and less confidence in Gauguin. He wrote Thee: On various occasions I have seen him do things which you and I would not let ourselves do, because we have consciences that feel differently about things.I have heard one or two things said of him, but having seen him at very, very close quarters, I think that he is carried away by his imagination, perhaps by pride, but†¦ Practically irresponsible† ( CTD. In Euchre 202). About Vincent, he did not eat every day because he was short of money. Despite an empty stomach, he stayed for hours working under the sun. (Huge 80) . One time, when Vincent saw the portrait of Vincent Painting Sunflowers which was hidden by Gauguin , he could not recognized himself and reacted violentl y to Gauguin.When they went to a cafe, Vincent suddenly threw his glass of absinthe at Gauguin head. When Gauguin decided to leave Arles, Vincent tried many ways to make him stay. He had been through a difficult time to face with Gauguin threatened departure. He got up during the night to make sure Gauguin was still there, he used absinthe and bacon, since † the only thing to bring ease and distraction, in my case and other people's too, is to stun oneself with a lot of drinking or heavy smoking†(Euchre 211).One day, when Gauguin was walking in the street, Vincent threw himself at him with an opening razor in his hand. However, he did not attack Gauguin, he ran away. Back in his room, he cut off the lobe of his ear with the razor. He cleaned his ear and put it in an envelope and gave the doorkeeper his ear. He was discovered by the police and hospitalized at the H ¶tell-Died hospital in Arles. Gauguin left immediately for Paris, choosing not to visit Van Gogh in the ho spital. Then they never met each other in person again.Two weeks after it happened, he painted his self- portrait: Self -Portrait with Bandaged Ear. This portrait is considered as â€Å"the calm after the storm. He takes a quiet and detached look at himself and expresses a feeling of renewed hope through his bright colors and simplified drawing. A clue to the origin of this bold style is found in the Japanese woodblock print on the wall behind him†( The History in Self Portraits Para. 13). Van Gogh then started to alternate between fits of madness and lucidity and was sent to the asylum in Saint- Remy for treatment.Van Gogh left Arles on 8 May. In mid-June, Van Gogh produced his best known work: Starry Night. In 1890, he shot himself in the chest by a revolver. During his career, he only sold one painting. Van Gogh became famous only after his death because of his innovative art that had a strong influence on the artists of the next generation. Even though Vincent Van Gogh ha d a very dramatic life, he devoted almost most of his entire life for art. A very unique feature about Vincent ark of art is his outstanding bold brush strokes which he adopted in his later paintings..

LVMH

1. TASK 011.1. Introduction TO LVMHFor this assignment, I ideally considered an organisation named LVMH.LVMHLVMH Moet Hennessy Louis Vuitton S.A. ( Euronext: MC ) , normally shortened to LVMH, is a Gallic keeping company and the universe ‘s largest luxury goods pudding stone. It is the parent of around 60 sub-companies that each manage a little figure of esteemed trade names These girl companies are, to a big extent, run autonomously. The group was formed after amalgamations brought together champagne manufacturer Moet et Chandon and Hennessy, a taking maker of Cognac. In 1987, they merged with manner house Louis Vuitton to organize the current group The group is controlled by the Christian Dior group, which owns 42.4 % of portions and has over 58 % of vote rights. Bernard Arnault, bulk stockholder of Dior, is Chairman of both companies and CEO of LVMH. His successful integrating of assorted celebrated aspiration trade names into the group has inspired other luxury companies into making the same. Therefore Gucci ( now portion of the Gallic pudding stone PPR ) and Richemont have besides created drawn-out portfolios of luxury trade names. The oldest of the LVMH trade names is wine manufacturer Chatea d'Yquem, which dates its beginnings back to 1593 . ( hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org )Corporate constructionLVMH is based in Paris, France. The company is listed on the Euronext Paris exchange and isa component of the CAC 40 index. As of 2008, the group grosss of ˆ17.2 billion with a net income of ˆ2.318 billion. The group presently employs 77,000 people. 30 % of LVMH ‘s staff work in France. LVMH operates over 2,300 shops worldwide. Its current concern program aims to tightly command the trade names it manages in order to keep and rise the perceptual experience of luxury associating to their merchandises. For illustration, Louis Vuitton merchandises are sold merely through Louis Vuitton boutiques found in upmarket locations in affluent metropoliss or in grants in other luxury goods stores ( such as Charles digby harrods in London ) . This pattern contrasts greatly with less sole trade names which can be bought in shopping promenades around the universe ( hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org )StockholdersAt the terminal of 2008, the merely declared major stockholder in LVMH was Groupe Arnault, the household keeping company of BernardArnault. The group ‘s control amounted to 47.42 % of LVMH ‘s stock ( with 42.42 % held through Christian Dior S.A. and 5.00 % held straight ) and 63.40 % of its vote rights ( 58.02 % by Dior and 5.38 % straight ) . A farther 3.4 % of portions were declared as exchequer stock, with the balance being free float . ( hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org )Departments OF LVMH* Wines & A ; Liquors * Fashion & A ; Leather Goods * Perfumes & A ; Cosmetics * Watches & A ; Jewelry * Selective retailing ( Annual study LVMH-2008 )MISION AND VALUES OF LVMH* Be originative and innovate * Aim for merchandise excellence * Bolstertheimageofourbrandswithpassionatedetermination * Act as enterprisers  · Strive to be the best in all we do ( Annual Report LVMH-2008 )Definitions of Human Resource ManagementHuman resort direction is a strategic and consistent attack to the direction of organisation ‘s most valued assets: the people working there who separately and jointly lend to the accomplishment of its aims. ( Michael Armstrong, a Hand book of Human Resource Management 2003 )The HRM theoretical accounts are1. The Matching theoretical account of HRM 2. Harvard theoretical account of HRM 3. Best pattern theoretical account 4. The eventuality theoretical account 5. Guest theoretical account of HRM 6. Warwick theoretical account of HRM 7. Storey theoretical account of HRM We can utilize Matching Model for LVMHModels of HRM1. The duplicate theoretical accountThe Michigan theoretical account is besides known as the ‘matching theoretical account ‘ or ‘best-fit ‘ attack to human resource direction. In kernel, it requires that human resource schemes have a tight tantrum to the overall schemes of the concern. As such, it limits the function of HR to a reactive, organisational map and under-emphasizes the importance of societal and other external factors. For illustration, it is hard to see how the current concern for work life balance could be integrated into this theoretical account. Fombrun et al identified four common HR procedures performed in every organisation: * Choice: duplicate people to occupations * Appraisal of public presentation * Wagess: stressing the existent importance of wage and other signifiers of compensation in accomplishing consequences * Development of skilled persons These procedures are linked in a human resource rhythm. The matching theoretical account has attracted unfavorable judgment. At a conceptual degree, it is seen to depend on a rational, mechanical signifier of organisational decision-making. In world, schemes are frequently determined and operational zed on a more intuitive, political and subjective degree. Surely, the decision-making is more complex than the theoretical account allows. It is besides both normative and normative, connoting that the tantrum to concern scheme should find HR scheme ( Bratton, J. , Gold, J. , Human Resource Management p-18 ) )Resource based StrategyThe resource-based position of scheme is that the strategic capableness of a steadfast depends on its resource based capableness. Resource-based scheme theoreticians such as Barney ( 1991 ) argue that stained competitory advantage stems from the acquisitions and effectual usage of packages of typical resources that rivals can non copy. As Boxall ( 1996 ) remarks ; ‘competitive success does non come merely from doing picks in the present ; it stems from constructing up typical capablenesss over important periods of clip ‘ . Teece et Al ( 1997 ) specify ‘dynamic capablenesss ‘ as ‘the capacity of a house to regenerate, augment and accommodate its nucleus competences over clip ‘ . ( Michael Armstrong,2000, Strategic Human Resource Management, p-33 )Best PracticeThe ‘best pattern ‘ rubric has been attacked by a figure of observers. Cappeelli and Crocker-Hefter ( 1996 ) remark that the impression of individual set of best patterns has been over stated: There are illustrations in virtually every industry of houses that have really typical direction patterns. We argue hat these typical homo resource patterns hlp to make alone competences that differentiate merchandises and services and, in bend, drive competences that determine how houses complete. Purcell ( 1999 ) has besides criticized the best pattern or universalist position by indicating out the incompatibility between a belief in best pattern and the resource based position, which focuses on the intangible assets including HR, that allow the house to make better than its rivals. He asks how can ‘the universalism of best pattern be squared with the position that merely some resources and modus operandis are of import and valuable by being rare and amiss imitable? ‘ . The danger, as Legge ( 1995 ) points out, is that of ‘mchanistically fiting scheme with HRM policies and patterns ‘ . Accord with eventuality theory, it is hard to accept that there is any such thing as cosmopolitan best pattern. What works good in one organisation will non necessary work good in another because it may non suit its scheme, civilization, direction manner, engineering or working patterns. As Becker et Al ( 1997 ) comment: ‘organizational high-performance work systems are extremely idiosyncratic and must be tailored carefully to each house ‘s single state of affairs to accomplish optimal consequences ‘ . ( Michael Armstrong, 2000, Strategic Human Resource Management, p-65 )Best FitFor the ground given above, it is accepted by most observers that ‘best fit'is more of import than ‘best pattern ‘ . There can be no cosmopolitan prescriptions for HRM policies and patterns. It all depends. This is non easy to state that ‘good pattern ‘ , ie pattern that does good in one environment, should be ignored. Benchmarking has its utilizations as a agency of placing countries for invention or development that are practiced to good consequence elsewhere. But holding learned about what plants and, ideally, what does non work in comparable organisations, it is up to the house to make up one's mind what may be relevant in general footings and what lessons can be learnt and adapted to suit its peculiar strategic and operational demands. The get downing point should be an analysis of the concern demands of the house within its context ( civilization, construction, engineerin g and procedures ) . This may bespeak clearly what has to be done. Thereafter, it may be utile to pick and blend assorted ‘best pattern ‘ ingredients and develop an attack that applies those that are appropriate in a manner that is aligned to the identified concern demands. But there are jobs with the best-fit attack, as pointed out by Purecell ( 1999 ) who, holding rubbished the construct of best pattern, proceeded to make the same for the impression of best tantrum: Meanwhile, the hunt for a eventuality or fiting theoretical account of HRM is besides limited by the impossibleness of patterning all the contigent variables, the trouble of demoing their interconnectedness, and the manner in which alterations in one variable have an impact on others. In Purcell ‘s position, organisations should be less concerned with best tantrum and best pattern and much more sensitive to procedures of organisational alteration so that they can ‘avoid being trapped in the logic of rational pick ‘ . ( Michael Armstrong, 2000, Strategic Human Resource Management, p-66 )Human Resource Management VS Personal ManagementHuman resource direction was foremost known as forces direction. However the present position of the field of human resource direction has been achieved after old ages of measuring development. In personnel direction people were manage stick disposal but in human resource direction people are consider resources, develop people and acquire them to pull off them self. Organizations now consider the human resource as a resource that could be developed instead than merely be managed. Personnel direction is more administrative in nature, covering with wage axial rotation, roll uping with employment jurisprudence and managing related undertaking. Human resources on the other manus are responsible for pull offing the work force as one of the primary resorts that contribute to the success of the organisation. Personnel direction manages people by rigorous administrative system but human resource direction considers people as a resource that can be developed.eg ; Train and developed individuals. Personnel direction is less concentration on employee ‘s future potency and acquiring the best from employees through preparation, development and motive. but other manus of human resource direction identifies employees possible, countries for betterment, strength and weaknesses identifies developing demands and trains them achieves consequence through motive and occupation satisfaction. Human Resource Management from a strategic position and its deductions for the function of the line directors and employees Human resource direction is really of import to construct up relationship between line directors and employees. Below I mentioned country of covering strategic human resource activities. * Policy devising. * Designing and developing human resource schemes. * Lending to the corporate program of the organisation. * Integrating human resource activities to the chief intent of the organisation. * Job rating. * Salary disposal. * Incentives and benefits. * Grudges managing.1.2. Use GUEST MODEL OF HUMAN RESORCE MANAGEMENT TO LVMHLVMH utilizing human resource direction maps for build up their concern. Particularly they apply guest theoretical account for following maps. They are utilizing human resource scheme for invention the company. Regularly they check other retail merchants of the market. After that they focus their concern for current market. Normally they evaluate the cost of merchandise. Some clip they control the unneeded cost per merchandise. eg ; they seeking current market and halting over production Human resource direction patterns ; LVMH specially utilizing human resource patterns for enlistings. They are taking right individual for right occupation class. They offered preparation period for new employees. Always direction measuring employees and giving wagess for them. eg ; bonus Human resource results ; They ever get thoughts from clients and offers scope of options for flexible working. eg ; portion clip work, calling interruption Behaviour results ; The direction ever measuring workers and actuate them. It has good squad workers. Every clip they corporate with others and assisting them. Performance result ; LVMH measure everybody public presentation and utilizing some human resource patterns for addition productiveness. Human resource section discuss with employees and this clip cut down their absenteeism and labour turn over.Critically measure the Guest theoretical account of human resource directionHuman resource direction is regardful from traditional forces direction. However, Guest has acknowledged that the construct of committedness is mussy and that the relationship committedness and high public presentation is hard to set up. The strength of the guest theoretical account is that it clearly maps out the field of human resource direction and classifies the input and comes. The theoretical account is utile for analyzing the cardinal ends normally associated with the normative theoretical accounts of human resource direction ; strategic integrating, committedness, flexibleness and quality.2. TASK 022.1. Aim/Purpose: Why have a Strategy?To put the context for lar ning and development within the LVMH to reply the inquiries that staff, directors, and clients might hold: * Why is larning and development of import? * How does larning ‘fit in ‘ with staff functions, bringing of cardinal services? * What does the LVMH mean by larning and development? How do staff and directors make certain they have the acquisition they need? The purpose of this scheme is to supply a practical map and usher of how learning and development supports the work of the LVMH, at an person, squad and organisational degree. The scheme aims to put out the current purposes and aims and besides map the hereafter so that there is a ‘vision ‘ of how learning and development will back up the LVMH both now and in the hereafter across Provider and Commissioning. The intent so is to supply a model for larning for LVMH which will: * Set out the LVMH ‘s committedness to supplying larning and development for all staff * Ensure that staff are equipped with appropriate accomplishments, experience and support to enable them to go on to supply high quality attention and services * Ensure that procedures are in topographic point for staff to accomplish their possible and that single parts are valued and acted upon * Ensure that staff place preparation demands and undertake appropriate preparation as portion of their function and that preparation demands are identified at an person, squad and organizational degree * Ensure that high quality preparation and development is commissioned as needed * Effective acquisition and development procedures and systems are in topographic point that are accessible and clear.2.2. Supporting the LVMH to present its strategic purposes and aimsThe LVMH ‘s cardinal strategic purposes are to: Engage with the mark clients and their demands. Commission a full and just scope of high quality, antiphonal and efficient services, within allocated resources, across all service sectors. Directly provide high quality responsive and efficient services where this gives best value. The accomplishments of the strategic purposes are supported by a set of cardinal values. LVMH values are the qualities, criterions and rules that the LVMH believes will assist it and its staff to win. The values are: – Beryllium originative and innovate– Purpose for merchandise excellence– Bolstertheimageofourbrandswithpassionate finding– Act as enterprisers– Strive to be the best in all we do2.3. Core rules for Learning and Development across the LVMH:* To supply chances for acquisition, high value of accomplishments about international selling, personal development and accomplishments sweetening at all degrees. There is a demand to widen engagement to guarantee lower set staff have the development they need * To promote uninterrupted acquisition and infinite for invention and making something new so that services are adapted and improved as a consequence of acquisition * To be more than tantrum for intent but in chase of excellence * Endorse the rules of going a Learning Administration * Identify a systematic procedure and model for placing, planning, presenting and measuring acquisition and development at an person, squad and organizational degree * Support and develop a civilization that encourages assurance, motive and creativeness in staff leting them to be advanced, take hazards and gain their full potency * Ownership of larning and development by single members of staff so that they can see the value of larning and how it will back up them * Staff are our ‘customers ‘ . The acquisition and Development squad demand to guarantee that effectual feedback and quality confidence procedures are in topographic point * To be able to mensurate successThe scheme should:* Mean something to staff and Directors, be ‘live ‘ and existent and practical, mapping the current and future image and advancement * Be organic in that the Learning and Development squad continually assess and alter the scheme and vision through its ain acquisition * The Learning and Development scheme should beef up and be built-in to the LVMH organizational aims and public presentation direction models * Identify localised illustrations.2.4. Learning and Development: Strategic Aims and AimsTo Meet PCT Commissioner and Provider Strategic Aims, Values and Vision Ensure staffs are working safely and aptly and have the accomplishments and cognition they need to present high quality services: * Deliver foremost category Initiation * Provide high quality selling Training * Ensure all staff are go toing Statutory /Mandatory preparation * Ensure shop Supervision systems, preparation is in topographic point * Develop IT skills of our staff Support the LVMH to develop the work force of the hereafter: * Work with Provider and Commissioning Directorates to back up development of LVMH into the hereafter * To work with HR and OD Director to implant values of the LVMH through instruction and developing systems and procedures * Support the development of new functions * Identify preparation and development for new services as they are developed * Support the work force planning docket Support the LVMH in the bringing of its Inequalities Agenda * To guarantee incorporate working with Public * Ensure Equality monitoring and public presentation marks are met * To supply an equality and diverseness preparation programme for all staff * Complete an Equality Impact Assessment on the Learning and Development map * Develop systems to include staff feedback into bettering acquisition and development within the LVMH Develop first category leaders and directors within the Provider and Commissioning weaponries of the LVMH * Identify direction and leading scheme for all directors at appropriate sets * Delivery of in house leading programme * Develop a direction skills programme, place accomplishments / competences for Directors * Develop and supply Team Leader Training * Support Directors to entree external direction and leading programmes as appropriate * Develop mentoring, training and shadowing for staff * Provide preparation and support for Directors in Skills & A ; Knowledge to pull off alteration efficiency and confidentially Delivering high quality, advanced and originative acquisition chances Support the LVMH to go a learning administration and embed the doctrine of the instruction lvmh * Promote the rules and doctrine of the learning administration and the instruction LVMH * Embed the learning civilization * Encourage new ways of acquisition, preparation, e-learning * Support the organisational development docket * Develop work with adjacent LVMHs Ensure accessible and first-class high quality preparation, larning and development proviso is in topographic point * Develop the LVMHeducation and preparation squad and service * Commission preparation and development, both now and in the hereafter * Development of ‘self service ‘ developing disposal system * Ensure effectual systems and procedures are in topographic point * Development of Learning Centres and accessible ways of larning Develop a Quality Assurance model for Learning and Development * Demonstrate the value of larning within the administration * Benchmark against rivals * Develop mensurable criterions for larning and development procedures * Ensure robust informations aggregation and coverage * Develop a system for feedback from staff, spouses ‘customers ‘ * Quality confidence, monitoring, rating systems put in topographic point eg. I. Train the trainer, criterions of bringing for trainers two. Contracts for external trainers three Staff and spouse organisations four Staff questionnaire/feedback Use bing resources creatively and program resourcing for the hereafter such as * LVMH preparation budget * Income coevals * Sponsorship / grants2.5. StandardsService Standards will be included for each strategic aim and identified in the work programme.2.6. Duties / answerability: Training AdministrationAll members of staff have a duty for their ain acquisition and development, supported by Directors and the Learning and Development Team. For elaborate counsel on functions and duties on placing acquisition and development2.7. Success Standards: benchmarking, quality confidence processes: How will we mensurate Progress and Achievement?* Through regular reappraisals of the Work Programme * On traveling audience with staff * Evaluation and bite of feedback2.8. Review and MonitoringQuarterly reappraisal of scheme and work programme may supervise by Human Resources Committee.3. TASK 033.1. RECRUITMENTRecruitment refers to the procedure of pulling, showing, and choosing qualified people for a occupation at an organisation or house. For some constituents of the enlisting procedure, mid- and large-size organisations frequently retain professional recruiters or outsource some of the procedure to recruitment bureaus. The enlisting industry has five chief types of bureaus: employment bureaus, enlisting web sites and occupation hunt engines, â€Å" headhunters † for executive and professional enlisting, niche bureaus which specialize in a peculiar country of staffing and in-house enlisting. The phases in enlisting include sourcing campaigners by advertisement or other methods, and showing and choosing possible campaigners utilizing trials or interviews. ( Armstrong, Michael ( 2006 ) . A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice )ChoiceChoice is the procedure used to place and engage persons or groups of persons to make full vacancies within an organisation. Often based on an initial occupation analysis, the ultimate end of forces choice is to guarantee an equal return on investing — in other words, to do certain the productiveness of the new hire warrants the costs spent on recruiting and preparation that hire. Several testing methods exist that may be used in forces choice. Examples include the usage of lower limit or coveted makings, resume/application reappraisal, unwritten interviews, work public presentation steps ( e.g. , composing samples ) , and traditional trials ( e.g. , of occupation cognition ) . The field of forces choice has a long history and is associated with several Fieldss of research and application, including human resources and industrial psychological science.Recruitment and Selection of LVMHThey are based on higher demands for professionalism in the rating and choice methods, while offering campaigners a alone experience that gives them utile feedback for their professional development. Not merely are proficient accomplishments assessed, but besides the ability to bring forth and pass on consequences, the ability to work in a group, the ability to hold a strategic vision while cognizing how to do a day-to-day committedness and, eventually, the potency to go an enterprising leader motivated by a desire for ongoing betterment. Appraisal of these facets is made by LVMH group directors through interviews every bit good as single and group function plays. At the terminal of this intensive twenty-four hours, whatever the consequence, each campaigner receives several in- depth analyses to help him or her in understanding how he or she was perceived and the contents of the appraisal.Essential of international enlisting of LVMHSustained development of all LVMH activities enabled multiple occupations to be created in 2008 across the Group ‘s companies and trade names: Wines & A ; Spirits, Fashion & A ; Leather Goods, Perfumes & A ; Cosmetics, Watches & A ; Jewellery, and Selective Retailing. LVMH has 77,087 employees worldwide, with the mean figure of employees over the financial twelvemonth up 9.5 % compared to the old twelvemonth. Through its policy of selling merchandises with the â€Å"made in France† label, LVMH ensures that industrial occupations are maintained in France. The dislocation of the Group ‘s work force by geographical part is stable and balanced. 74 % of the work force is employed abroad, basically in the distribution webs of Europe, the Asia-Pacific part, and North and South America.Workforce of LVMH by geographic part26 % France 19,737 22 % Rest of Europe 17,226 22 % United States 16,723 6 % Japan 4,929 19 % Rest of Asia 14,831 5 % Other markets 3,641 Entire 77,087 ( Beginning ; LVMH Annual report-2008 ) There are 74 % of employees working internationally. Therefore international enlisting is of import to LVMH. They are anticipating a personal development within a professional, responsible squad in the organisation. placing with the values of a company is a major component in pulling and actuating the work forces and adult females who join LVMH and invest themselves in the Group. The Group presents its corporate duty policy during the initial contact with campaigners, for illustration during enlisting forums. The account of this policy is portion of the integrating procedure. The bar of psycho-social hazards in their orientation manuals or employee manuals, like DFS Group, Fendi or Glenmorangie. However they have consider the outlooks and motive of the squads. Entree and continued employment for older employees is besides a changeless concern, consistent both with the Group ‘s policy on diverseness and with itsInternational Recruitment at LVMHHere LVMH can happen a bit-by-bit usher to enlisting. International Recruitment & A ; Deployment e follow the extended International Recruitment procedure as follows: Phase 1: Ad utilizing print media and cyberspace including occupation show on our Job portal Phase 2: Screening of applications received in response to advertizement. Phase 3: Short listing, size uping informations harmonizing to the accomplishments, cognition and aptitude desired for the occupation. Phase 4: Test & A ; Interviews Phase 5: Choice Phase 6: Mention Check Phase 7: Completing the Visa/Administrative Process following the credence of Job offer by the campaigner. Phase 8: Travel agreement and deployment of the campaigner to occupation location. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.habsons.net )Choice Methods ( Trials, Exercise, Presentations )The most popular choice method is Interviewing ; nevertheless the determination devising procedure at Interviewing panel phase will be improved if information extra to that obtained from the application signifier, CVs, mentions ( for academic and research stations ) and interview is available. It is hence desirable that the choice procedure includes an extra choice exercise/test. This should be designed to garner information about the ability of short-listed campaigners to transport out the specific responsibilities of the station by proving facets of the Person Specification, which can non easy be evaluated by an interview or mention. Some illustrations of choice exercisings are given below, all of these would necessitate to be carried out in conformity with good pattern in Equal Opportunities: In puting up and running choice exercises the undermentioned rules should be followed:Nature of Post:Choice Exercise:Research stationsCampaigners could be asked to present a seminar, give a departmental presentation or compose a study Posts that require supervisors accomplishments Campaigners could be asked to take portion in a supervisory function dramaGeneral:The appraisal of public presentation from choice trials must be made on a preset set of factors, instead than obscure generalisations, utilizing set standards will enable an nonsubjective appraisal of the trial set ; There should be a clear apprehension of what is being tested and what position the test/exercise has within the overall choice procedure ; If the test/exercise involves utilizing a package bundle, experience of utilizing that specific package bundle must hold been included in the choice standards for the station ; The test/exercise must be designed to supply an equal chance for each campaigner to show his/her abilities, in conformity with the Equal Opportunities Employment Policy ; Where appropriate, choice tests/exercises must be adapted for a campaigner with a disablement. For farther counsel on this the Recruitment Manager or HR Manager should be contacted ; The test/exercise must be decently planned in progress with each campaigner given full information on what is involved and sufficient clip for any readying required ; The test/exercise must non be biased in favour of internal campaigners, i.e. it should prove basic rules in relation to the station, non cognition of internal processs ; The information gathered from a choice exercising will merely associate to a limited figure of the overall demands of the station and the consequences must be judged in this context. However, if an indispensable standard for the station is being tested e.g. numeracy and the needed criterion for the trial is non met so the consequences must non be ignored ; Objective standards should be used to hit the trial that has been set and all information associating to the trial should be reported in a criterion and consistent format to Interviewing panel. If there are any factors which may hold influenced a campaigner ‘s public presentation e.g. breaks, medical conditions etc these should be reported to the panel. Presentations: campaigners should be given as much information as possible about the expected focal point of the presentation, associating this to the standards shown in the individual specification e.g. where an appointee is being sought with a research path record or with research potency, campaigners might be asked to present a presentation ‘on a subject related to your current or future research involvements ‘ ; campaigners should be provided with information about the intended audience, the expected length of the presentation and the installations available e.g. OHP, screen, PowerPoint available on a laptop computing machine etc ; nonsubjective standards should be set to measure presentations for possible lectors e.g. academic content, lucidity of look, ability to set content to audience and enthusiasm for the topic.Skills Trials:All trials should be given with clear, unambiguous instructions ; Trials should be uniformly administered, i.e. by the same individual, in the same fortunes, with the same instructions and with the same clip bounds. This will guarantee that comparable informations is obtained ; The individual administrating the trial must be made cognizant of their duties and the University ‘s policies associating to discrimination must be brought to their attending. They must non try to ‘interview ‘ the campaigner or obtain information from them. Guidance on planing appropriate trials and exercisings may be obtained from HR Services. The choice methods that will be used in add-on to an interview must be detailed on the Candidates for Interview Form sent to HR Services. This will guarantee that short-listed campaigners are informed about the choice procedure when invited to interview, e.g. the rubric of the presentation to be given or the nature of the trial to be taken.4. MentionsArmstrong M. , ( 2000 ) , Strategic Human Resource Management, 2nd Edition, London, Kogan page limited Armstrong M. , ( 2006 ) . ‘A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice ‘ , 10th ed. , London: Kogan Page LimitedArmstrong M.,2003. Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice, 9th edition. London, England. Kogan Publisher Limited.Michael Armstrong ( Author ) †º Visit Amazon ‘s Michael Armstrong Page Find all the books, read about the writer, and more. Bratton, J. , Gold, J. , ‘Human Resource Management ‘ , 2nd erectile dysfunction. London, MacMillan Press Ltd. * www.lvmh.com * www.hrmguide.co.uk * www.youmanage.co.uk * www.berr.gov.uk * www.sbz.careers.ac.uk * www.thepensionsregulator.gov.uk * hypertext transfer protocol: //www.york.ac.uk/admin/hr/managers/recruitment/handbook/methods.htm ( 21-01-2010 ) * hypertext transfer protocol: //www.habsons.net/international-recruitment-deployment.php ( 21-01-2010 )